Rayon Staple fiber

A defect of regular rayon fabric in the absence of a cross-linking finish is its solubility in alkali with consequent loss of strength and dimensional stability. These defects have been largely overcome in the high performance rayons. Mitchell and Daul (43) reported that regular textile grade rayon staple fiber accounts for 70-80% of the output of the rayon industry. 

The wet integrity of the dressing which facilitates removal from the wound may be improved by incorporating fibers of greater strength such as viscose (rayon) staple fiber or fibers which interact with the alginate fibers when wet such as chitosan staple fibers. 

One of the main problems in the development of the industry has been the lack of suitable materials and adequate instrumentation. For example, one manufacturer had considerable difficulty in manufacturing gear boxes needed for the preparation of rayon staple fiber because a suitable steel was not available. An alternate solution was to redesign the gearbox to use another type of steel or to import steel with the proper qualities. 

The spun yarns used in textile fields are prepared mainly by the cotton or rayon staple fiber-spinning systems. The spun yarns used in the industrial field are produced mainly by the... 

Rayon staple fiber is usually obtained by collecting the filaments from a large number of spinnerette assemblies (often 100 or more) into a tow, which is then cut to the desired length. 

Range in Physical Properties of Various Rayon Staple Fibers... 

Figure 38-16. Textile composites paper from pine wood (above left), fleece from rayon staple fibers saturated with latex (above right), thermoplastically bound poly(propylene) filaments (below right), and spun-bonded poly(ethylene) (below left). The scale corresponds to 100 Acm. (After E. Trciber.)...

Polyester (PET)Zviscose rayon Staple fiber Nonwoven composite... 

Drawing is always carried out in a combined process, in most cases at least partly before the complete decomposition of the xanthate groups. Draw ratios may be low for rayon staple fiber. Tire cord is drawn to an elongation of 12-13% and a tenacity of about 500 mN tex. Note that these are conditioned values in a wet state the high-modulus character is lost the tenacity becomes lower (400 mN tex ) and the elongation much higher (25%). 

Applications of viscose rayon The main application of rayon is as staple fiber. Spinning is carried out from clusters of spinnerets and bundles are processed collectively as a tow. Rayon staple fiber is applied unblended, but is also used in blends with cotton and/or polyester, in outerwear. Filament yarns have become a... 

Uses Detergent for textiles (cotton, rayon staple fibers/viscose), chlorine bleaching aftersoaping agent for all prints Features Compat. with enzymes Properties Liq. 

Olofsson, B., and Gralen, N., Measurement of Friction between Single Fibers V Frictional Properties of Viscose Rayon Staple Fibers , Textile Research Journal, 20, 467-476, 1950. 

From 1910 onward waste filament yam had been chopped into short lengths suitable for use on the machinery designed to process cotton and wool staples into spun yams. In the 1930s new plants were built specifically to supply the staple fiber markets. During World War II the production of staple matched that of filament, and by 1950, staple viscose was the most important product. The new spun-yam oudets spawned a series of viscose developments aimed at matching the characteristics of wool and cotton more closely. Viscose rayon was, after all, silk-like. Compared with wool it lacked bulk, residence, and abrasion resistance. Compared to cotton, it was weaker, tended to shrink and crease more easily, and had a rather lean, limp hand. 

Jets for continuous filament textile yam are typically 1 cm diameter gold—platinum ahoy stmctures with 20—500 holes of 50—200 p.m diameter. Tire yam jets are also 1 cm in diameter but typicahy use 1000—2000 holes to give the required balance of filament and yam denier. Staple fiber jets can have as many as 70,000 holes and can be made from a single dome of ahoy or from clusters of the smaller textile or tire yam jets. The precious metal ahoy is one of the few materials that can resist the harsh chemical environment of a rayon machine and yet be ductile enough to be perforated with precision. Glass jets have been used for filament production, and tantalum metal is a low cost but less durable alternative to gold—platinum. 

Fig. 1. Trends ia staple fiber usage ia nonwoven fabric manufacturiag where is olefin, is PET, and M is rayon.

Cellulose acetate Silica gel Scoured wool Sawdust Rayon waste Fluorspar Tapioca Breakfast food Asbestos fiber Cotton linters Rayon staple Starch Aluminum hydrate Kaolin Cryolite Lead arsenate Cornstarch Cellulose acetate Dye intermediates Calcium carbonate White lead Lithopone Titanium dioxide Magnesium carbonate Aluminum stearate Zinc stearate Lithopone Zinc yellow Calcium carbonate Magnesium carbonate Soap flakes Soda ash Cornstarch Synthetic rubber... 

Stapel, m. staple warehouse pile, heap, stack, -farbe, /. staple color, -faser, /. staple fiber (rayon yarn), -gemfise, n. staple vegetables. 

Zell-verschmel2ung, /. cell fusion, -wand, /. cell wall. -woUe, /. staple fiber, staple rayon artificial wool. 

Rayon. Viscose rayon, like cotton, is comprised of cellulose. In the manufacturing process, wood pulp is treated with alkali and carbon disulfide to form cellulose xanthate. Subsequently, the reaction mass is forced through a spinneret and precipitated in an acid coagulation bath as it is formed into a continuous filament. The fiber has a round striated cross-section. Rayon staple is made by breaking the continuous strands into staple-length fibers. Viscose rayon is conventionally produced in diameters varying from 9 to 43 microns. 

Carbacell [Carbamate cellulose] A process for making rayon filament and staple fiber. Cellulose is reacted with urea in an inert organic solvent at a high temperature to yield cellulose carbamate. This process avoids the environmental problems caused by carbon disulfide in the viscose process. Developed by Zimmer in the 1990s and piloted in Germany and Poland. Commercialization was expected by 1999. 

HOSTAPUR CVA Highly Conc. is used mainly for finishing cotton, rayon staple, rayon, and man-made fibers... 

Cellulose acetate monofilament, yarn, staple, or tow Cellulose fibers, manmade Cigarette tow, cellulosic fiber Cuprammonium fibers Fibers, rayon Horeshair, artificial rayon Nitrocellulose fibers Rayon primary products fibers, straw, strips, and yarn... 

Customer-recollected waste from fiber and textiles consists mainly of continuous filaments or staple fibers, which may be contaminated with dyestuffs, finishes and knitting oils, and other fibers such as cotton, wool, rayon, nylons, and acrylics they are the most diflScult-to-recover products. 

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