Spun yarns

Gespenstf n. specter, ghost, phantom. Gesperr(e), n. locking device, catch, ratchet, gespieen, p.p. (of speien) spat vomited. Gespinst, n. spun yarn spun goods thread (textile) fabric web cocoon, -faser, /. textile fiber, -pflanze,/. textile plant fiber plant. 

Pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN) PET/PEN copolymers, 20 50-51 PET POY spun yarn, 20 14 PET/PTN blend bottles, 20 53 PET resins, 20 33 handling, 20 59-60 Petri, Julius Richard, 11 8 Petri dish, invention of, 11 8 Petrochemical feedstocks, 13 556-570, 674... 

Spunbonded processes, 17 463 Spunbonded structures, novel, 17 466 Spunbound fibers, 11 236, 240-241 Spun fibers, 16 18, 20 Spunlaced nonwovens, 17 507 Spunlace fabrics, production of, 17 516 Spun yarn, 11 177, 178, 250. See also Yarn spinning technologies crystalline structure of, 11 237-238 Spurrite (5-calcium disilicate monocarbonate)... 

Figure 12.11 Schematic of a modern staple drawline for PET fibers 1, spun yarn supply cans 2, lubricating bath 3, two-stage drawing 4, heatsetting 5, cooling 6, reheating 7, crimping 8, dyeing 9, cutting 10, baling...

Spun Yarn. After rayon became established in the textile industry, where it could be used as a silklike fiber, and its selling price was greatly... 

Another approach to flame-resistant cotton containing fabrics involves the use of core spun yarns [368 372]. There are two components in these specialized yarns. One component is a central core usually made from a human-made polyester or nylon, or a nonflammable core like fiberglass. The other component is a cotton cover that is wound around the central core to form the core yarn. The core yarn is woven or knitted into an appropriate textile, then treated with a finish to make the flame-resistant cotton cover. When the core yarns are spun to restrict their synthetic content to 40% or less, the FR treatment of the cotton component... 

These grades have a 95.5 to 96.5 percent hydrolysis range. Properties lie between those of the fully and partially hydrolyzed grades. Intermediately hydrolyzed grades are used for sizing all types of spun yarns. 

Non-mineral coning oil for filament and spun yarns. Excellent lubricity and antistatic properties. 

Wet winding lubricant for natural and synthetic spun yarns. Imparts very low friction. 

Greatly improves sewablllty of resin treated goods, especially those made from rotor-spun yarns. 

Spun yarns for knitting, 1.0 - 3.0% o.w. yarn BELFASIN EL. Recirculate at 120F for 20 minutes. A reverse flow cycle is recommended for optimum levelness, but also can be applied in one direction only. 

Permanent, reactive silicone softener. Provides a unique hand to all fabrics. Renders ring spun hand to open-end spun yarn. 

Non-splashing lubricant for sectional warping of spun yarns, e.g. for Raschel/terry cloth. 

The best-known wild silk is tussur, produced by Antheraeapernyiwhrch thrives on a diet of oak leaves and is found in China. I he worm is about 5 J in. long when mature and makes a compact cocoon which has a brownish colour. Spinning tends to be intermittent so that the filament is more broken than that of Bombyx mori, and for this reason it is more suitable for spun yarns. 

The product resulting from this operation is the spun yarn which is the primary product of the staple fiber industry. Several of these yarns may be twisted together to form a plied yarn, or the singles yarn may be used alone for weaving. 

Figure 12.10 displays tire stress-strain behavior of PET fibers that were prepared from tire same spun yarn, but drawn to different ratios. The curves represent tire elongation and stress in terms of initial fiber area (decitex ). The open circles represent true stress values, where stress values at break are corrected for the decreased area of tire fiber after extension on tire testing device. 

In addition, the drawabifity of a spun yarn can be measured in a similar way by increasing the draw ratio up to yarn break at an experimental drawing position. The optimal draw ratio can also be deduced from the stress-strain curve of the spun yarn. 

A recent report by Langston (129) indicates that sodium alginate in combination with various warp size materials increases the weaving efficiency of synthetic spun yarns such as nylon. Takahashi and coworkers (256) reported marked improvement in weaving operations when cotton and silk were sized with algin. 

Polyester Processability in Texturing as a Function of Spun Yarn Morphology... 

Thus, the results herein support Che conclusion that Improved FOY texturing, as measured by reduced broken filament counts, can be attained via Increases In either the spun yarn amorphous orientation or crystalline content. These desired morphological changes can be achieved via Increased spinning speed, molecular weight, capillary diameter, and reduced melt tonperature. The applicability of these polyester conclusions for other synthetic fibers Is under study and will be reported in the future. 

Relating spun yarn properties to process variables. 

The triangle shown In Figure 2 shows the Interrelation between the process, the structure of the resulting product, and physical properties. In a modeling situation, one generally starts with a knowledge of the process conditions from which It Is desired to determine structural and physical properties. A study(2) of spinning Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) will be discussed where It was possible to use a model to calculate the stress at the solidification point, and then relate this to spun yarn tensile properties. 

Spun Yarn Birefringence as a Function of Calculated Stress at Freeze Point Reproduced with permission from Ref. 2. 

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