Rash, frequency

Rash Frequency Infrequent Infrequent Frequency Common (>3%)... 

Immunological abnormalities were reported in 23 adults in Woburn, Massachusetts, who were exposed to contaminated well water and who were family members of children with leukemia (Byers et al. 1988). These immunological abnormalities, tested for 5 years after well closure, included persistent lymphocytosis, increased numbers of T-lymphocytes, and depressed helper suppressor T-cell ratio. Auto-antibodies, particularly anti-nuclear antibodies, were detected in 11 of 23 adults tested. This study is limited by the possible bias in identifying risk factors for immunological abnormalities in a small, nonpopulation-based group identified by leukemia types. Other limitations of this study are described in Section 2.2.2.8. A study of 356 residents of Tucson, Arizona, who were exposed to trichloroethylene (6-500 ppb) and other chemicals in well water drawn from the Santa Cmz aquifer found increased frequencies of 10 systemic lupus erythematosus symptoms, 5 (arthritis, Raynaud s phenomenon, malar rash, skin lesions related to sun exposure, seizure or convulsions) of which were statistically significant (Kilbum and Warshaw 1992). 

Arsenic trioxide -believed to induce apoptosis -LFT elevations -renal insufficiency -fatigue -hyperglycemia -skin rash -hypokalemia -peripheral neuropathy -high frequency hearing loss... 

Palermo et al. [30] 50% reduction in stool frequency by end of day 1 in both treatment groups self-limiting urticarial rash 100%... 

The major side effects of allopurinol are skin rash, urticaria, leukopenia, GI problems, headache, and increased frequency of acute gouty attacks with the initiation of therapy. An allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome characterized by fever, eosinophilia, dermatitis, vasculitis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction occurs rarely but is associated with a 20% mortality rate. 

Swedish hospital workers exposed to low glutaraldehyde concentrations (below 0.2 ppm) had an increased frequency of reported nose and throat symptoms, skin symptoms such as eczema and rash, and general symptoms such as headache and nausea, compared with unexposed controls. ... 

Adverse reactions include the following Hypotension palpitations tachycardia drowsiness restlessness excitation nervousness insomnia euphoria blurred vision diplopia vertigo tinnitus auditory and visual hallucinations (particularly when dosage recommendations are exceeded) urticaria rash dry mouth anorexia nausea vomiting diarrhea constipation cholestatic jaundice (cyclizine) urinary frequency difficult urination urinary retention dry nose and throat. 

Initial therapy- 200 mg tablet daily for 14 days. Use this lead-in period because it has been found to lessen the frequency of rash. May administer with or without food. 

The most common reasons for discontinuation of treatment were infusion-related reactions (ie, dyspnea, flushing, headache, rash). Adverse events have been reported in a higher proportion of RA patients receiving the 10 mg/kg dose than the 3 mg/kg dose however, no differences were observed in the frequency of adverse events between the 5 and 10 mg/kg doses in patients with Crohn disease. 

Idiosyncratic dmg reactions (IDRs) are most commonly characterized by a reaction involving fever or rash, with or without internal organ involvement. The spectrum of responses ranges from a minor rash, to potentially fatal toxic epidermal necrosis and Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated anaphylactic shock, occasional joint pain, hepatotoxicity or nephrotoxicity are also well documented [24]. The frequency of such reactions are unknown but estimated to be between 1 1000 and 1 10000 exposures and may be enhanced on re-challenging susceptible individuals with the same dmg. 

Rash, micturition disorder (polyuria, nocturia, dysuria, frequency of urination), abdominal discomfort, somnolence... 

Tingling of extremities, urinary frequency, urticaria, rhinorrhea, flushing, weight loss, orthostatic hypotension, depression, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, dry mouth, impotence, rash, pruritus... 

Flushing, diaphoresis, rash, urinary frequency, increased appetite, transient impotence Rare... 

Malaise, vasodilation, anorexia, flatulence, rash, blurred vision, urine retention or urinary frequency, menopausal symptoms... 

Cephalosporins are sensitizing and may elicit a variety of hypersensitivity reactions that are identical to those of penicillins, including anaphylaxis, fever, skin rashes, nephritis, granulocytopenia, and hemolytic anemia. However, the chemical nucleus of cephalosporins is sufficiently different from that of penicillins so that some individuals with a history of penicillin allergy may tolerate cephalosporins. The frequency of cross-allergenicity between the two groups of drugs is uncertain but is probably around 5-10%. However, patients with a history of anaphylaxis to penicillins should not receive cephalosporins. 

Trimethoprim produces the predictable adverse effects of an antifolate drug, especially megaloblastic anemia, leukopenia, and granulocytopenia. The combination trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole may cause all of the untoward reactions associated with sulfonamides. Nausea and vomiting, drug fever, vasculitis, renal damage, and central nervous system disturbances occasionally occur also. Patients with AIDS and pneumocystis pneumonia have a particularly high frequency of untoward reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, especially fever, rashes, leukopenia, diarrhea, elevations of hepatic aminotransferases, hyperkalemia, and hyponatremia. 

Nevirapine NNRTI 200 mg bid. Adjust dose in hepatic insufficiency Dose-escalate from 200 mg daily over 14 days to decrease frequency of rash Rash, hepatitis (occasionally fulminant), nausea, headache See footnote 4 for contraindicated medications... 

Weekly dosing with mefloquine for chemoprophylaxis may cause nausea, vomiting, dizziness, sleep and behavioral disturbances, epigastric pain, diarrhea, abdominal pain, headache, rash, and dizziness. Neuropsychiatric toxicities have received a good deal of publicity, but despite frequent anecdotal reports of seizures and psychosis, a number of controlled studies have found the frequency of serious adverse effects from mefloquine to be no higher than that with other common antimalarial chemoprophylactic regimens. Leukocytosis, thrombocytopenia, and aminotransferase elevations have been reported. 

In a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, fixed-dose trial of placebo and repaglinide 1 mg and 4 mg for 24 weeks in 361 patients there were no episodes of severe hypoglycemia (28). Most patients withdrew from the placebo group because of hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, erythematous rash, headache, diarrhea, fatigue, or abnormal vision. Adverse effects had about the same frequencies in the two groups. 

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