Urine retention

Opioids cause side effects that limits their use. They include respiratory depression, nausea, vomiting, constipation, a heightened level of blood pressure, urine retention, perspiration, and itching of course, the most dangerous of these is respiratory depression. Opioids cause dependency and addiction. 

Diphenoxylate + Atropine (Lomotil, Lonox) [C V] [Opioid Antidiarrheal] Uses D Action Constipating m CTidine congener, X GI motihty Dose Adults. Initial, 5 mg PO tid—qid until controlled, then 2.5-5 mg PO bid 20 mg/d max Peds >2 y. 0.3-0.4 mg/kg/24 h (of diphenoxylate) bid-qid, 10 mg/d max Caution [C, +] Contra Obstructive jaundice, D d/t bacterial Infxn children <2 y Disp Tabs, Liq SE Drowsiness, dizziness, xCTostomia, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipation Interactions T Effects W/ CNS depressants, opioids, EtOH, T risk HTN crisis W7 MAOIs EMS Monitor for Sxs of electrolyte disturbances and hypovolemia d/t D OD May cause Szs, hypotension, and anticholinergic effects (xerostomia [dry mouth], urine retention, flushed skin) activated charcoal may be effective for OD... 

There are some additional choices in patients with refractory arthritis despite the use of NSAIDs or paracetamol (acetaminophen), alone or in combination. Narcotics can be used with little risk of addiction, but with the caveat that they can cause cognitive changes, constipation, urine retention and respiratory depression (see section on analgesics). Codeine... 

Other reported reactions have included increases in cholesterol level, dry mouth, nasal congestion, constipation, urine retention, mydriasis, weight gain, fever, and suppression of the cough reflex [5,9,20,25]. 

Nausea, vomiting, headache, malaise, urine retention Serious Reactions... 

Flushing, tachycardia, urine retention, constipation, paradoxical reaction (marked by restlessness and agitation), blurred vision... 

Postoperative urine retention, atony of bladder PO 10-50 mg 3-4 times a day Minimum effective dose determined by giving 5-10 mg initially then repeating same amount at 1-hr intervals until desired response is achieved. Subcutaneous Initially 2.5-5 mg. Minimum effective dose determined by giving 2.5 mg (0.5 ml), repeating same amount at 15- to 30-min intervals up to a maximum of 4 doses. Minimum dose repeated 3-4 times a day. 

Depression, anxiety, confusion, nervousness, urine retention, palpitations, dizziness, light headedness, decreased appetite, blurred vision, constipation, dry mouth, flushed skin, headache, insomnia, diarrhea, unusual fatigue, darkening of urine and sweat Rare... 

Pharyngitis dry mucous membranes, nose, or throat nausea and vomiting abdominal pain headache dizziness fatigue thickening of mucus somnolence photosensitivity urine retention... 

Somnolence, dizziness, hypotension, urine retention, thickening of bronchial secretions, dry mouth, nose, or throat Occasional... 

Somnolence, fatigue, dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, sexual dysfunction (42%), ejaculatory failure (20%), impotence, weight gain (18%), delayed micturition, orthostatic hypotension, diaphoresis, impaired concentration, increased appetite, urine retention Occasional... 

Contraindications GI or GU obstruction, paralytic ileus, severe hepatic impairment, uncontrolled angle-closure glaucoma, urine retention... 

Moderate intoxication may produce memory impairment and urine retention. 

Palpate the patient s bladder for signs of urine retention, and monitor urine output... 

Urine retention, blurred vision, dry mouth, headache, nausea, vomiting, difficult or... 

Confusion, diaphoresis, facial flushing, urine retention, dry mouth, nausea, vomiting,... 

Confusion, arrhythmias, tremors, urine retention, abdominal pain, dry mouth, headache, irritation at injection site, euphoria, dysphoria Rare... 

Confusion, urine retention, palpitations, abdominal cramps, visual changes, dry... 

Contraindications Acute renal function impairment, persistent hypertension, pheo-chromocytoma, severe cardiac disease, thyrotoxicosis, urine retention... 

Postoperative abdomonial distention and urine retention IM, Subcutaneous 0 5-1 mg. Catheterize patient if voiding does not occur within 1 hr. After voiding, administer 0.5 mg q3h for 5 injections. 

Anxiety, dizziness, somnolence, headache, fatigue, constipation, diarrhea, hypoxia, urine retention Occasional (4%"2%)... 

Marked photosensitivity, somnolence, dry mouth, blurred vision, lethargy, constipation or diarrhea, nasal congestion, peripheral edema, urine retention Rare... 

---