PVC composites

Our study was also extended to obtain the effect of a selective curing system on NBR-PVC compositions. 

In November 1997, Ferrari (France) invited Solvay to help them to solve a problem of recycling PVC coated textile for light mobile structures, especially ones used for shortterm applications (advertising). The Vinyloop is aphysical recycling process making use of an organic solvent to separate the PVC compound from the other materials in a PVC composite. It is a closed loop process the solvent is completely recycled. Aspects outlined include history and a description of the process, precipitated PVC compound evaluation and financial data... 

Organotin stabilisers in PVC compositions were determined by means of TLC [518]. The determination of inorganic species (down to ppb range) by TLC has been reviewed on several occasions [519,520]. Instrumental methods successful in the quantitative estimation of inorganic TLC zones directly on the plate are densitometry, fluorimetry, radiometry, planimetry and visual methods. In the framework of recycling studies, in particular as to metal stabilisers in PVC, Braun and Richter... 

Nylon, aluminum, PVC (OPA-aluminum-PVC) composites offer functional alternatives to traditional ther-moformed materials. With a laminate structure of 25 pm OPA, 45 pm aluminum, with 60 pm PVC (1 mL OPA 1.8 mL aluminum-2.4 mL PVC), it is possible to almost completely eliminate water-vapor permeability [25]. 

Cereal, corn, barley. .. into matrices of PP, PE, ABS, PVC. Composite moduli are claimed in the range of 1.5-3 GPa for prices in the order of 0.75 to 3 per kg. Applications could be in packaging, toys, building and automobile. The properties of the Epitex PP composites are, for example ... 

Fig. 4.1 Kinetics of Cl ions release and OH ions consumption during dehydroclorination of PVDC-PVC composition. Experimental conditions (80°C, KOH in DMSO-propan-2-ol, 1 1 w/w)...

Strengthening of extruded bars and tubes made of PVC-compositions at low-speed rotation and low-frequency vibration of the core in the head proven by M. M. Genen-der36 > is caused primarily, we believe, not by orientation effects but by increased homogeneity of multicomponent systems. 

Genender MM (1985) Extrusion of PVC-compositions through heads with rotating core, Summary of the thesis, Mendeleyev Inst. Chem. Technol., Moscow... 

For PVC composites, used in housing and in the automobile industry, no coupling agent is used because PVC is rather polar and compatible with wood fibres. Some research has been done and the positive effect of aminosilanes (Kokta etal., 1990a) and poly(methylene(phenyl isocyanate)) (Kokta el al., 1990b) has been demonstrated. 

Sensors for nitrogen dioxide detection use a Au/PVC composite prepared by dispersion of a fine gold powder in a highly plasticised PVC matrix containing a hydrophobic electrolyte (Au/PVC electrode)117 which could be used continuously for monitoring the gaseous environment when the nitrogen dioxide content varied only slowly. 

Work undergone in this area has looked at tensile and impact properties of a PVC composite filled with hollow glass beads, of three different sizes, and different volume fractions (96). The influence of particle shape and silane coupling agents, for surface treatment of glass beads, on mechanical properties has also been investigated (116, 366). 

VINYLOOP(R), THE NEW PROCESS THAT REGENERATES PVC COMPOUNDS OUT OF PVC COMPOSITE RESIDUES... 

Maero molecular Materials and Engineering 287, No.9, 11th Oct.2002, p.588-91 TENSILE AND IMPACT PROPERTIES OF HOLLOW GLASS BEAD FILLED PVC COMPOSITES Ji-Zhao Liang... 

An IR spectroscopy technique was developed to study the plasticiser migration from polymer compositions to the air environment. The applicability of the method was demonstrated for filled PVC compositions plasticised with di-n-butyl phthalate. Values for the effective diffusion coefficient(D) of the plasticiser were calculated from the spectroscopic data. An increase in the chalk content in a PVC composition led to a monotonic increase in D, whereas kaolin-filled compositions exhibited a more complex behaviour. The observed pattern of changes in D with varying filler content was correlated with the competing interaction of components in the system. 20 refs. (Full translation of Vys.Soed.B, 44, No.2, 2002, p.363-8)... 

COMPOSITIONS FOR POLYMERS. 11. USE OF SINSTAD COMPOSITIONS IN LOW-PLASTICISED PVC COMPOSITIONS... 

The use is discussed of Sinstad multifunctional compositions for use in low-plasticised PVC pipe formulations as heat stabilisers and plasticisers. The research reported consisted mainly of investigating the physical and mechanical properties of the plastic compound, its ease of manufacture, and processing with partial replacement of the plasticiser and stabiliser and complete replacement of the lubricants. Properties of PVC compositions for the production of pipe connectors and pipes with varying formulations are discussed. 7 refs. (Article translated from Plasticheskie Massy, No. 11,2000, P-43)... 

International Polymer Science and Technology 24, No.2, 1997, p.T/92-8 ORGANOSILOXANES AS CROSSLINKING AGENTS FOR PLASTICISED PVC COMPOSITIONS Pelka J Szablowska B... 

EFFECT OF PROCESSING CONDITIONS OF UNPLASTICISED PVC COMPOSITIONS ON POLYMER STRUCTURE... 

Recently it has been shown that photodegradable pol3rmers suitable for use in packaging applications can be prepared by copolymerization of etiiylene or styrene witii vinyl ketone monomers (1). Since PVC is the third important plastic used for packaging, we have investigated the possibility of using the same method to develop photodegradable PVC compositions. 

Nitramine (RDX or HMX) oxidizer Homogeneous colloidal propellant consisting of nitrocellulose dissolved in plasticizer comprised of nitroglycerine and inert materials PVC-composite or double-base propellant in which polymer is dissolved in plasticizier Double base propellant containing dispersed phase of finely ground oxidizer and (usually) powdered fuel additive... 

Haslam J, Soppet W, Willis HA (1951) Analytical examination of plasticizers obtained from PVC compositions. JAppl Chem 1, 112-124. 

Dibutyl phthalate imparts excellent initial properties to PVC compositions, but its high volatility makes it relatively useless for applications requiring durability. A 4-mil film, for example, stiffens at room temperature in 3 months. Films plasticized with DOP or other long-chain alkyl phthalates do not suffer from this impermanence. 

A similar biocide, Intercide ABF-5-DIDP in the amount of 0.05 and 0.1% (w/w) of the active principle (OBPA), that is, 1.0 and 2.0% (w/w) of the commercial biocide, was tested in a woodfiber-PVC composite (data obtained courtesy of Akcros Chemicals). The unprotected composite (no biocides) did not prevent an active... 

Since PVC is known to be quite miscible with PMMA (miscibility with an LCST behavior) [Jager et al., 1983] and is also low in cost, some blends of PVC and PMMA have been used in sheet extrusion and thermoforming applications. However, the acrylic PVC compositions commercially used are invariably contain an acrylic coreshell rubber (PMMA-g-n-BuA or MBS type) to get high toughness), with some PMMA, to reduce the cost/impact performance balance. The role of PVC in these blends is to reduce cost and impart some degree of flame-retardancy. The acrylics definitely help in the processability of PVC. These blends have already been discussed under PVC heading. 

Figure 16. The deformation behavior of PVC composite reinforced undirectionally by the prepregs. 

Figure 3.30. Surface resistivity of PVC composites containing variable concentrations of carbon black. [Adapted, by permission, from Chen, C.-H. Li, H.-C. Teng, C.-C. Yang, C.-H., J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 99, 5, 2167-2173, 2006.]...

Combination of perchlorate and amine contributes to improved stability of many PVC compositions including the above formulation. Addition of phosphite and epoxidized soybean oil further stabilizes PVC. The alternative stabilizing formulations are given in the tables below. 

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