Protection verification

Figure 11.8 Apparatus for the verification of protection against dust, according to lEC 60034-5 or 60947-1...

Verification of dielectric properties, limited to power frequency voltage withstand or HV test on power as well as control and protective circuits. 

SOURCE Excerpted from U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (1995) and Indoor Environmental Quality Appendix to International Performance Measurement Verification Protocol (U.S. Department of Energy, 1998)... 

Tests carried out on protection systems comprise factory tests, on-site commissioning tests and maintenance checks. Those made on individual relays will demonstrate the compliance of the equipment with specification and the verification of its operation under simulated conditions, while tests carried out on-site prior to the equipment being put into service ensure that the full protection scheme and associated equipment operate correctly. These on-site tests must be comprehensive and should include ... 

The successful clinical use of titanium and cobalt-chromium alloy combinations has been reported Lucas etal. also investigated this combination using electrochemical studies based on mixed potential and protection potential theories. Verification of these studies was made by direct coupling experiments. The electrochemical studies predicted coupled corrosion potentials of -0.22 V and low coupled corrosion rates of 0.02 ft A/cm. Direct coupling experiments verified these results. The cobalt-titanium interfaces on the implants were macroscopically examined and no instances of extensive corrosion were found. Overall, the in-vitro corrosion studies and the examination of retrieved prostheses predicted no exaggerated in-vivo corrosion due to the coupling of these cobalt and titanium alloys. 

The feasibility of detection-based defensive strategies also depends on how the detectors are deployed and how they are actually used. Deployment considerations include the number and placement of detectors, whether in open spaces or in HVAC ductwork. In this respect, airport terminals are likely to be more difficult to protect by this strategy than are aircraft, owing to the vastly greater air volume and necessarily greater physical spacing between detectors in terminals. To the extent that more than one type of independent detection or verification system is needed to achieve acceptable POD and PFA, the system costs are multiplied. 

Analytical chemistry is a critical component of worker safety, re-entry, and other related studies intended to assess the risk to humans during and subsequent to pesticide applications. The analytical aspect takes on added significance when such studies are intended for submission to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and/or other regulatory authorities and are thus required to be conducted according to the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) Good Laboratory Practice (GLP) Standards, or their equivalent. This presentation will address test, control, and reference substance characterization, use-dilution (tank mix) verification, and specimen (exposure matrix sample) analyses from the perspective of GLP Standards requirements. 

The Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) opened for signature in Paris, on January 13, 1993 and entered into force on April 29, 1997. Its complexity is reflected in almost 200 pages of text, containing Preamble and 24 Articles and three Annexes On Chemicals (6 p), On Implementation Verification (105 p), and On Protection of Confidential Information (5 p) [2], To the main pillars of the CWC belong ... 

---