Process-centered management

Another trend is a focus on processes in driving improvements. Awareness of the importance of processes is not new. Reengineering, Total Quality Management (TQM), and Six Sigma are all mature process-oriented initiatives, yet there is often a tension between those wanting to focus on process and those who want to bring on local functional improvements or new technology into the company. 

Jack Welch, in the previously cited interview, talks about world peace projects requiring complex information technology. In his first decade as General Electric s CEO, he approved many of these projects. His term world peace refers to the over-hyped promises made to sell the projects. When the promised results were never delivered, Welch became a lot smarter and certainly more skeptical. In his second decade as CEO, only projects that produced tangible, fast results moved forward. 

TABLE 3.3 Three Scenarios for Developing Supply Chain Projects 

1 Function Department head Machine tools, new production equipment Department improvement Return on investment, savings 

2 Business unit CEO Enterprise systems, expansions/ contractions Business unit improvement Revenue increase or cost reduction 

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Process-centered management Shifting focus to multicompany business processes for improvement efforts Improvement focused on processes, not departments or functions... 

Guidelinesfor Technical Management of Chemical Process Safety Center for Chemical Process Safety, New York, 1989 Guidelines for Auditing Process Safety Management Systems Center for Chemical Process Safety, New York, 1993. 

Van der Schaaf, T.W. 1996. PRISMA A Risk Management Tool Based on Incident Analysis, International Conference and Workshop on Process Safety Management and Inherently Safer Processes, Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, New York. 

Center for Chemical Process Safety of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Guidelines for Implementing Process Safety Management Systems, 1993. 

The Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) has identified twelve elements that must be part of any chemical process safety management program [5]. Application of these elements specifically to plant operations has also been defined [6]. Because of the critical importance of these twelve elements, they are listed here as follows for reference ... 

CCPS 1997. Guidelines for Integrating Process Safety Management, Environment, Safety, Health and Quality. New York American Institute of Chemical Engineers-Center for Chemical Process Safety. 

Like all of the elements of process safety management, the incident investigation element continues to evolve. The AIChE Center for Chemical Process Safety assists this evolution hy providing interested parties with information to help them in safely operating process facilities. To this purpose, CCPS and the contributing authors offer this second edition of the Guidelines for Investigating Chemical Process Incidents. 

Countless new publications on process safety have been written since OSHA first published its Process Safety Management Law in 1992. Independent, individual authors and various organizations, such as the American Institute of Chemical Engineers Center for Chemical Process Safety, helped write these books. Very few individuals would have the time to read each new text. The books listed below were skimmed through, read, or studied and found useful, but they may not be the best books on the market. 

The AIChE s Center for Chemical Process Safety developed a how to type of book that addresses most of the concerns of OSHA s proposed Process Safety Management standard and all of the concerns of Management of Change. This book is useful to the frontline supervisor, the second-level supervisor, superintendent, and the manager of a facility that manufactures, handles, or stores hazardous chemicals. It is for the on-site organization that is developing the specific procedures of a MOC program. 

Interview, Isadore Irv Rosenthal, former board member of the U.S. Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board, member of the BP U.S. Refineries Independent Safety Review Panel (the Baker Panel), and Senior Research Fellow at the Wharton Risk Management and Decision Processes Center, 2008... 

Evaporation process. Center for Environmental Research Information, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Capsule Report EPA/ 625/R-96/008, Cincinnati, OH, 1996. 

Contributions from consensus and industry organizations to the loss prevention effort are significant. The API developed Recommended Practice 750 Process Hazards Management and Recommended Practice 752 covering facility siting. The American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE) Center for Chemical Process Safety (CCPS) has developed a complete series of textbooks that address the same major elements of OSHA s PSM standard. They sponsor conferences, publish proceedings, develop and promote seminars, and provide industry with a process safety and loss prevention resource. 

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