Priming compositions

Priming compositions for firearms ammunition are mixtures which, when subjected to percussion, provide a sudden burst of flame that serves to ignite the propellant within the cartridge case. A priming composition must deliver a relatively large volume of hot gases and hot solid particles without the development of a detonating wave. [Pg.41]

The ideal priming composition would consist of a cheap, readily available, relatively safe to handle, simple chemical compound of uniform granulation which when subjected to impact would undergo rapid, highly exothermic decomposition. The only compound to even approach these specifications is lead dinitroresorcinate however, it is far too sensitive. In practice, no single chemical compound meets all the requirements of an ideal primer. [Pg.41]

Generally speaking small arms primers consist of an explosive, an oxidizer, a fuel, and a frictionator. Other compounds act as sensitizers and binders. [Pg.42]

Explosives used include azides, fulminates, diazo compounds, nitro or nitroso compounds, for example, lead or silver azide, mercury fulminate, lead styphnate, TNT, and PETN (which also act as sensitizers). [Pg.42]

Oxidizers used include barium nitrate, potassium chlorate, lead dioxide, and lead nitrate. [Pg.42]

Priming compositions or priming mixtures are sensitive explosive mixtures that are designed to produce a flame in a particular application. They are most often mixtures containing a primary explosive as one of the components in such a form and amount that ensures the inability to initiate detonation of the mixture. The role of the primary explosive is to sensitize the mixture to external stimuli, not to make it detonatable. Priming mixtures are used in percussion caps for ignition of gun powder, on electric fuseheads, delay elements, etc. [Pg.5]

The typical examples of priming mixtures used almost exclusively in the nineteenth century include mercury fulminate, potassium chlorate, antimony sulfide, glass powder, and gum Arabic. The priming mixtures widely used for small arms in the USA in the early 1900s were based on MF. The composition of the most typical one is summarized in Table 1.1. [Pg.5]

At the time of black powder, weapons had to be carefully cleaned after use. The combustion products of priming mixtures therefore did not present such a cmcial problem since they were in any case removed together with the black powder residues during cleaning. The problem of corrosive products became apparent when black powder was replaced by smokeless powder which meant much less careful cleaning of weapons. Potassium chlorates as a part of the priming compositimi have therefore been abandoned and replaced by other oxidizers. Some of the compositions from that time can be seen in Table 1.2 [3]. [Pg.5]

The use of alternative oxidizers led to mixtures that were not corrosive but contained MF, which liberated toxic mercury vapors during firing. To overcome the problem of toxicity, Edmund von Herz proposed replacing MF in priming compositions with lead hypophosphite nitrate (1913) and later by the lead salt of trinitroresorcine (1914). The more important of these two MF substitutes was the [Pg.5]

Typical primary mixtures contain some of the following lead styphnate, tetrazene, aluminum, antimony sulfide, calcium silicate, lead peroxide, boron, metals, barium nitrate, secondary explosive, binder, sensitizer, etc. (Fig. 1.3). Variations in the ingredients and their relative amounts result in compositions which possess sensitivity and ignition properties tailored to specific requirements. [Pg.6]

The detonators as made may be dirty, that is have free priming composition as a dust on the walls. They are therefore transferred to a drum containing a quantity of dry sawdust. The drum is rotated for a... [Pg.104]

Both 2,4-dinitrosoresorcinol (23) and 2,4-dinitroresorcinol (24) are important in the explosives industry. The lead salt of 2,4-dinitrosoresorcinol has a low ignition temperature and finds use in priming compositions and in electrical igniters. The lead salt of 2,4-dinitroresorcinol is a weak initiator but is found to exhibit high sensitivity to friction and stab action without being highly sensitive to impact, and as such, this compound has found use in primers. [Pg.144]

However, at the present time it appears that there is not a significant problem with the employment of sulfur gunpowder for the priming of chlorate compositions, and so the main use of sulfurless powders again rests with the military, particularly where igniter and priming compositions are in contact with magnesium. [Pg.41]

Priming Composition. A physical mixture of materials that is very sensitive to impact or percussion and, when so exploded, undergoes very rapid autocombustion. The products of such an explosion are hot gases and incandescent solid particles. Priming compositions are used for the ignition of primary explosives, BkPdr, igniter charges and propellants in small arms ammunition (Ref 40a, p 112) (See also in Section 3, Part D and Section 4,... [Pg.750]

Fig 21 for stab detonators M18, M24 M44 and for flash detonator M17 are used. In these cuts, the lower(base) charge can be Tetryl, RDX or PETN, the intermediate charge is LA and the upper (top) charge is a priming composition... [Pg.844]

PATR 1569 K.S. Warren, Development of Priming Composition for the M4l Primer (Oct 1945)... [Pg.1056]

W = wt of dry sample in grams Method No 210. Priming Composition (Lead Starter Type), used as a priming compn for the M127 (T73) Parachute White Star Ground Signal. US Military Specification MIL-S-13257F (1967) requirements Moisture, max 0.10%, and Composition Pb peroxide (of... [Pg.1065]

K chlorate PA Pb nitrate Tetryl and Pb nitride TNT) 22-3 (Nature of priming compositions) 23-5 (Primer composition materials) 25 (Sampling of primer materials) 25 (Identification of primer materials) ... [Pg.1076]

Anon, "Military Explosives , TM 9-1910 (1955), pp 93-118 (Initiating agents and priming compositions) (New edition is listed... [Pg.1076]

Hypophosphites have been claimed as ingredients of priming compositions Lead hypophos-phite/MF/Dinitrophenylazide/K2Ba(NO ... [Pg.262]

The following examples of igniting mixtures are taken from Chemical Abstracts and arranged chronologically. Some of these compositions may be also classified as priming compositions... [Pg.281]

Sh. Nakahara Y. Honda, Priming Composition for Electric Detonators , JP 16149... [Pg.512]

T. Ishimoto et al, Aluminum-Magnesium Alloys as Priming Compositions , JP 14359... [Pg.515]

Section 200 (Methods 201 to 212). Specification of Multiple Component Primer Compositions Fuze Powder Primer Mix, (JS Standard Primer Mix, New No 4 Primer Mix, MK V Primer Mix, No 70 Primer Mix, PA100 Primer Mix, NOL No 130 Primer Mix, M3 Ignition Cartridge Primer Mix, M29 Percussion Primer Priming Composition, Lead Starter Type RDX Booster Pellets and Tetryl Booster Pellets... [Pg.351]

F- FRICTION WIRE PULL WIRES M- PRIMING COMPOSITION T- CLOSING COVER (BOTTOM)... [Pg.451]

Glass in Priming Compositions. It is known that sensitivity of expl mi its to friction (percussion) is greatly increased when a small amt of ground glass [or of other abrasive material, such as sand or carborundum (See Vol 2, p C65-L)] is mixed with (he expl... [Pg.720]

An idea of a modern plant lay-out for the manufacture of priming compositions and detonators is given by Figs. 63 and 64 showing installations at Imperial Chemical Industries, Nobel Division, in Great Britain. [Pg.240]

US military specification requirements and tests for Diazodinitrophenol intended for use in loading fuze detonators and the manufacture of priming compositions are listed and described in Joint Army-Navy Specification JAN-D-552, issued in 1950. The requirements are also listed in TM 9-1300-214/TO 11A-1-34 (1967), p 7-9 Requirements ... [Pg.54]

US requirements and tests for LMNR intended for use in detonators, fuzes, and priming compositions are given in US Specification... [Pg.165]

LSt has been used extensively abroad as igniting charge for LA and to some extent in the US as an ingredient of priming compositions (Ref 24, p 7-12). On p 7-18 of Ref 18, it is stated that LSt has been used in electric primers and the following compn is used for that purpose LSt 39.5, Ba nitrate 44.4, Ca silicide 14.1, carbon black 1.0 gum arabic 1.0%... [Pg.174]

US Military requirements and test for Normal LSt for use in priming compositions are described in US Military Specification MIL-L-757A(1967) Amendment 1(1968)... [Pg.177]

Thermal Stability at J35° — satisfactory (Ref 12) Vacuum Stability at 100° 3-7cc/40hrs Vacuum Stability at 120° ll+cc/40hrs Velocity of Detonation. See Detonation Rate It is stored in dry condition and is used as an ingredient of priming compositions (Ref 24)... [Pg.306]

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