Prime function

Filtration. Here the prime function is to retain sod or other fine materials, whde allowing water to pass through. Again, it is seen that more than one function is being performed (Fig. 6). If there were no drainage of water taking place, movement, and therefore retention of the sod, would not be of concern. 

Petroleum asphalts, compared to native asphalts, are organic with only trace amounts of inorganic materials. They derive their characteristics from the nature of their cmde origins with some variation possible by choice of manufacturing process. Although there are a number of refineries or refinery units whose prime function is to produce asphalt, petroleum asphalt is primarily a product of integrated refineries (Fig. 1). Cmdes may be selected for these refineries for a variety of other product requirements and the asphalt (or residuum) produced may vary somewhat in characteristics from one refinery-cmde system to another and even by cut-point (Table 2) and asphalt content (Fig. 2) (5,6). The approximate asphalt yields (%) from various cmde oils are as follows ... 

The prime function of the foundations, relative to equipment reliability, is to hold the compressor train in alignment during all operating phases for... 

Although the prime function of plasticisers in cellulose acetate is to bring the processing temperature of the compound below the polymer decomposition temperature, it has additional values. An increase in the plasticiser content will reduce the melt viscosity at a given temperature and simplify processing. The physical properties of the finished product will be modified, increasing toughness... 

The prime function of the saturated acid is to space out the double bonds and thus reduce the density of cross-linking. Phthalic anhydride is most commonly used for this purpose because it provides an inflexible link and maintains the rigidity in the cured resin. It has been used in increasing proportions during the past decade since its low price enables cheaper resins to be made. The most detrimental effect of this is to reduce the heat resistance of the laminates but this is frequently unimportant. It is usually produced by catalytic oxidation of o-xylene but sometimes naphthalene and is a crystalline solid melting at 131°C. 

The main function of most lubricants is to reduce friction and wear between moving surfaces and to abstract heat. They also have to remove debris from the contact area, e.g. combustion products in an engine cylinder, swarf in metal-cutting operations. Sometimes they have to protect the lubricated or adjacent parts against corrosion, but this is not a prime function of most lubricants. On the other hand, many lubricants do contain corrosion inhibitors and some lubricating oils, greases, mineral fluids and compounds are specially formulated to prevent the corrosion of machinery or machine parts, particularly when these components are in storage or transit. These temporary protectives are described in Section 17.3. 

The prime functional group for constructing C-C bonds may be the carbonyl group, functioning as either an electrophile (Eq. 1) or via its enolate derivative as a nucleophile (Eqs. 2 and 3). The objective of this chapter is to survey the issue of asymmetric inductions involving the reaction between enolates derived from carbonyl compounds and alkyl halide electrophiles. The addition of a nucleophile toward a carbonyl group, especially in the catalytic manner, is presented as well. Asymmetric aldol reactions and the related allylation reactions (Eq. 3) are the topics of Chapter 3. Reduction of carbonyl groups is discussed in Chapter 4. 

Plastics, both thermoplastic and thermosetting, will deform under static load. This is known as creep. For this reason those materials whose prime function is mechanical are generally reinforced with mineral filler or short fibres, or else oriented by drawing. Many components have a limit on acceptable deformation, and the predicted creep strain at the end of life will be fed back to define either a maximum load, or mechanical dimensions large enough for the component to remain within the limitations on strain. Creep becomes more pronounced at higher temperatures. 

T e II cells (granular pneumonocytes) are distributed throughout the alveoli between T e I cells. Although they are more numerous than T e I cells, they are cuboidal in shape and occupy far less of the alveolar surface area. The prime function of this cell is the production of pulmonary surfactant, and it is generally less susceptible to injury than the Type I cell. 

At this stage it is important to observe the prime function of a reference material it is to carry a value. This is further elaborated elsewhere [4], Since any value, including that carried by a reference material, per definition results from a measurement, the long - and still persisting - tradition of focusing on the material should be reoriented towards focusing on the value carried by the material. 

The cocatalyst s prime function is the activation of the Nd-precursor in order to form the active catalyst. Secondly, the cocatalyst is often used for control of molar mass. This particularly applies to A1-, Mg- and Zn alkyls. 

Clearly the resonance effect places an upper limit on the frequency at which the capacitor can normally be used. Above resonance the reactance of a capacitor is inductive (coL), and this is significant for some applications. For example, ceramic multilayer capacitors, which are discussed later, are commonly used to decouple high-speed computer circuits, and a prime function is to eliminate noise which has frequency components above the resonance frequency. Therefore the inductive reactance must be kept to a minimum. 

Certain types of fillers, even though unreactive, will affect the pot life and exotherm of the adhesive system. Generally, modifications of cure or reactivity are not the prime functions of... 

Free fatty acids, whose levels are generally raised by insulin or alcohol, influence the rate of VLDL synthesis and hence the concentration of triglycerides. About 16 g glycerol, which are mainly utilized in the liver, are released daily by lipolysis, and about 120 g free fatty acids are made available for generating energy in the heart and skeletal musculature (75%) as well as in the liver itself (25%o). These free fatty acids are bound in the plasma to albumin (50%) and lipoproteins (50%). Their extremely short plasma half-life of approx. 2 minutes emphasizes their high metabolic activity. Fatty acids are present in the plasma in saturated (no double bond) and unsaturated (various numbers of double bonds) forms. Essential fatty acids cannot be synthesized by the body, which means they must be obtained from food intake. The most important ones are multiple unsaturated fatty acids such as linolic acid (Cis-fatty acid, 2 double bonds), linolenic acid (Ci8-fatty acid, 3 double bonds), and arachidonic acid (C2o-fatty acid, 4 double bonds). Their prime function is to act as precursors for the synthesis of eicosan-oids. (s. fig. 3.10)... 

The prime function of tertiary amines is to catalyze the reaction of isocyanate with water to form COj gas for blowing the polymer. 

Table 1. Angular overlap matrix for p orbitals. — The columns give the direction cosines (y,(f,a) of the primed axes Z, Y, X, relative to the unprimed axes Z, Y, X and the rows give the reverse relationship. — The columns also give the coefficients of decomposition of the primed functions into linear combinations of unprimed ones and again the rows give the reverse relationship. 8 = — TAe direction cosines...

The temporal limitation of insurance-related benefits was to underscore their prime function as a tide-over until the beneficiary found a new job. 

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