Starches polysaccharide types

Among other polysaccharides studied were those elaborated by Neisseria per-flava (starch-type polysaccharide), Polytomella coeca (a starch richer in amy-lopectin than most natural starches), Pseudomonas morsprunorum (Wormald) (levan), Acetobacter acetigenum (cellulose), Aerobacter aerogenes (NCTC 8172) (Klebsiella Type 164), Bacillus megaterium. Bacterium pruni, and Bacterium prunicola (polyfructoses of the levan type). 

Plant Gums, E. L. Hirst. Proc. Int. Congr. Biochem., 4th, Vienna, 1958,1,31 (1959). Studies on the Metabolism of the Protozoa. Part VIII. The Molecular Structure of a Starch-type Polysaccharide from Chilomonas paramecium, A. R. Archibald, E. L. Hirst,... 

Glycogen shows the characteristic infrared absorption spectrum of starch-type polysaccharides.—The infrared spectrum of glycogen, in the frequency range 730-960 cm., has three absorption peaks, at 928 3, 838 3, and 760 2 cm.- the absorption peak at 838 cm.- is displayed by all carbohydrates containing a-D-glucopyranose units, whilst the peaks... 

The Structure of the Starch-type Polysaccharide Synthesised from Sucrose by Neisseria perflava, S. A. Barker, E. J. Bourne, and M. Stacey,/. Chem. Soc., 2884— 2887 (1950). 

The Enzymic Synthesis and Degradation of Starch. Part VIII, The Use of Mixtures of P- and Q-Enzymes in the Synthesis of Starch-type Polysaccharides, S. A. Barker,... 

Besides a source of energy, organisms require a source of materials for biosynthesis of cellular matter and products in cell operation, maintenance and reproduction. These materials must supply all the elements necessary to accomplish this. Some microorganisms utilize elements in the form of simple compounds, others require more complex compounds, usually related to the form in which they ultimately will be incorporated in the cellular material. The four predominant types of polymeric cell compounds are the lipids (fats), the polysaccharides (starch, cellulose, etc.), the information-encoded polydeoxyribonucleic acid and polyribonucleic acids (DNA and RNA), and proteins. Lipids are essentially insoluble in water and can thus be found in the nonaqueous biological phases, especially the plasma and organelle membranes. Lipids also constitute portions ofmore complex molecules, such as lipoproteins and liposaccharides. Lipids also serve as the polymeric biological fuel storage. 

Amylomaltase is also believed to be present in various strains of Streptococcus pyogenes which synthesize a starch-type polysaccharide from maltose, but not from D-glucose, a-D-glucosyl phosphate, or sucrose. 

The properties and general specificity of aZpha-amylase are well established. There are slight differences in the properties of the enzymes from different sources, but all hydrolytically depolymerize the starch-type polysaccharides in an essentially random manner (at least... 

Rice is one of the world s primary food crops and is a major source of dietary energy for more than half of the people on this planet. Paddy is usually milled or polished into white rice for cooking even though unpolished rice contains much more nutritional bioactive components and dietary energy. A major component of rice grain is starch, which in turn is composed of polysaccharides two types of polysaccharides found in rice starch are amylose and amylopectin. The amounts of amylose and amylopectin determine the quality of rice, both in terms of physical and chemical characteristics. 

In food industry, polysaccharides can be divided in two main groups starch derived products and nonstarch polysaccharides. Starch and their derivatives without any doubt lead the polysaccharides type used in the food industry. Due to their high availability, nutritional and technological properties, starches are in the genesis of a great number of food products known worldwide. ... 

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