Polyphenylene ether copolymer

Table 3. Permeability coefficients of polyphenylene ether copolymers at 25< C...

The main experimental techniques used to study the failure processes at the scale of a chain have involved the use of deuterated polymers, particularly copolymers, at the interface and the measurement of the amounts of the deuterated copolymers at each of the fracture surfaces. The presence and quantity of the deuterated copolymer has typically been measured using forward recoil ion scattering (FRES) or secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS). The technique was originally used in a study of the effects of placing polystyrene-polymethyl methacrylate (PS-PMMA) block copolymers of total molecular weight of 200,000 Da at an interface between polyphenylene ether (PPE or PPO) and PMMA copolymers [1]. The PS block is miscible in the PPE. The use of copolymers where just the PS block was deuterated and copolymers where just the PMMA block was deuterated showed that, when the interface was fractured, the copolymer molecules all broke close to their junction points The basic idea of this technique is shown in Fig, I. 

Sulfonated poly(4-substituted benzoyl-1,4-phenylene) homopolymers and copolymers using concentrated sulfuric acid or fuming sulfuric acid have been shown to form sulfonated polymers with variable degrees of sulfonation. To improve film formation of the sulfonated polyphenylenes, multiblock copolymers have been synthesized by reacting a more flexible poly(arylene ether sulfone) with sulfonated poly-phenylenes. ... 

PS (polystyrene), PVC [poly(vinyl chloride)], PC (bisphenol A polycarbonate) PMMA [poly (methyl methacrylate)], PB (polybutadiene), SAN (styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer),NBR (acrylonitrile-butadiene rubber), PPE (polyphenylene ether), SBR (styrene-butadiene rubber)... 

Polystyrene is one of the most widely used thermoplastic materials ranking behind polyolefins and PVC. Owing to their special property profile, styrene polymers are placed between commodity and speciality polymers. Since its commercial introduction in the 1930s until the present day, polystyrene has been subjected to numerous improvements. The main development directions were aimed at copolymerization of styrene with polar comonomers such as acrylonitrile, (meth)acrylates or maleic anhydride, at impact modification with different rubbers or styrene-butadiene block copolymers and at blending with other polymers such as polyphenylene ether (PPE) or polyolefins. 

MABS polymers (methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) together with blends composed of polyphenylene ether and impact-resistant polystyrene (PPE/PS-I) also form part of the styrenic copolymer product range. Figure 2.1 provides an overview of the different classes of products and trade names. A characteristic property is their amorphous nature, i.e. high dimensional stability and largely constant mechanical properties to just below the glass transition temperature, Tg. 

Tphe surface activity of block copolymers containing dimethylsiloxane units as one component has received considerable attention. Silicone-poly ether block copolymers (1,2,3) have found commercial application, especially as surfactants in polyurethane foam manufacture. Silicone-polycarbonate (4, 5), -polystyrene (6, 7), -polyamide (8), -polymethyl methacrylate (9), and -polyphenylene ether (10) block copolymers all have surface-modifying effects, especially as additives in other polymeric systems. The behavior of several dimethylsiloxane-bisphenol A carbonate block copolymers spread at the air—water interface was described in a previous report from this laboratory (11). Noll et al. (12) have described the characteristics of spread films of some polyether—siloxane block co-... 

SBS with Polyphenylene ether (PPE) Evolution of PPE blends with SBS-type block copolymers is summarized in Table 1.23. SBS or its derivatives have been frequently used to stabilize the morphology in the newer, more complex blends. In Table 1.24 examples of this type of system are presented. 

Polyester + Polyphenylene Ether H-Styrene Copolymer Ternary Blends... 

Phenylbenzofuran (282) was used to protect polyphenylene ether resins against damage from UV radiation <87USP4665ii2>. As a nucleating agent, benzofuran-2-carboxylic acid (283) was found to improve the properties of an ethylene/4-methyl-l-pentene copolymer <84JAP(K)59197446). 

H. Guo, N. Devanathan, and C. Lewis. Copolymers of functionalized polyphenylene ether resins and blends thereof. US Patent 6 620 885, assigned to General Electric Company (Pittsfield, MA), September 16, 2003. 

Blendex HPP 820, Blendex HPP 821] Blendex HPP822] Blendex HPP823. See Polyphenylene ether Blendex MPE1000. See Acrylonitrile/butadiene/styrene copolymer Blendmax 322] Blendmax 322D] Blendmax K. See Lecithin... 

Acetal homopolymer Animal glue Calcium resinate 1-Decene, homopolymer, hydrogenated Glyceryl rosinate Hydrogenated rosin Methyl rosinate Pentaerythrityl rosinate Polyethylene, chlorosulfonated Polyphenylene ether Potassium rosinate Sodium rosinate Tall oil rosin Vinylidene chloride/methyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymer food-contact articles, for repeated use Butadiene/acrylonitrile copolymer EPM rubber Epoxy, bisphenol A/epichlorohydrin Ethylene/propylene/dicyclopentadiene terpolymer Hexafluoropropylene/vinylidene fluoride copolymer Hexafluoropropylene/vinylidene fluoride/tetrafluoroethylene terpolymer Hydrogenated butadiene/acrylonitrile... 

Xylenol 2,6-Xylenol polysiloxane resin improver Benzene phosphinic acid polystyrene derivative mfg, crosslinked Styrene/DVB copolymer polystyrene/polyamide/PC blends Polyphenylene ether polystyrenes Solvent yellow 33... 

Polyetheretherketone thermoplastic, engineering power tools Polyphenylene ether thermoplastic, engineering profiles Polyphenylene ether thermoplastic, engineering sheet Polyphenylene ether thermoplastic, extrusion Acetal copolymer... 

This chapter covers polymers in which the most important linking group is the ether moiety, which is —O—. Included in this chapter are the acetals also called polyoxymethylene (POM) or polyacetal. Acetals come in two types, homopolymer and copolymer. The third plastic type included in this chapter is polyphenylene ether (PPE) also referred to as polyphenylene oxide (PPO). 

Polyolefin + Polyphenylene Ether + Styrene Copolymer Blends. 622... 

Examples of polyether blends not shown in earlier sections are listed in alphabetical order of the second polymer in the blend unless otherwise noted. Included in this section are polyphenylene ether blends not described in sections on PA, PEST, or PO. When copolymer characterization was not performed, the structure of the compatibilizing copolymer is inferred from the functionality location on each of the two polymers. In some cases, more than one type of compatibilizing copolymer may have formed. 

As shown in Table 5.51, immiscible blends containing a functionalized polyolefin and a functionalized polyphenylene ether have been compatibilized through cross-linked or graft copolymer formation between carboxylic acid groups at multiple sites on one polymer and either cyclic ortho ester groups or epoxide groups at sites on another polymer. 

Immiscible blends containing a polyolefin, an unfuncticaialized polyphenylene ether and a functionalized st3rene copolymer, have been compatibilized through cross-Unked... 

Polymer blends were developed alongside the emerging polymers. Once nitrocellulose (NC) was invented, it was mixed with NR. Blends of NC with NR were patented in 1865 - 3 years before the commercialization of NC. The first compatibilization of polyvinylchloride (PVC) by blending with poly vinylacetate (PVAc) and their copolymers dates from 1928. PVC was commercialized in 1931, while its blends with nitrile rubber (NBR) were patented in 1936 - 2 years after the NBR patent was issued. The modem era of polymer blending began in 1960, after Alan Hay discovered the oxidative polymerization of 2,4-xylenols that led to polyphenylene ether (PPE). Its blends with styrenics, Noryl , were commercialized in 1965. 

Structural studies of polymer surfaces. Materials that have been studied include PMMA [239], PMMA-polypyrrole composites [240], polyfchloromethyl styrene) honnd 1,4,8,11-tetrazacyclotetradecane, polyfchloromethyl styrene) honnd thenoyl triflnoroacetone [241], poly(dimethyl siloxane)-polyamide copolymers [242], PS [243], ion-implanted PE [244], monoazido-terminated polyethylene oxide [245], polynrethanes [246], polyaniline [247], flnorinated polymer films [248], poly(o-tolnidine) [249], polyetherimide and poly benzimidazole [250], polyfnllerene palladinm [251], imidazole-containing imidazolylethyl maleamic acid-octadecyl vinyl ether copolymer [252], polyphenylene vinylene ether [253], thiophene oligomers [254], flnorinated styrene-isoprene derivative of a methyl methacrylate-hydroxyethyl methacrylate copolymer [255], polythiophene [256], dibromoalkane-hexaflnorisopropylidene diphenol and bisphenol A [257], and geopolymers [258]. 

Polyphenylene ether/styrene-butadiene copolymer, PPE/HIPS STRUCTURE... 

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