Polymer based on poly

Mihtary interest in the development of fuel and thermal resistant elastomers for low temperature service created a need for fluorinated elastomers. In the early 1950s, the M. W. Kellogg Co. in a joint project with the U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps, and 3M in a joint project with the U.S. Air Force, developed two commercial fluorocarbon elastomers. The copolymers of vinyUdene fluoride, CF2=CH2, and chlorotrifluoroethylene, CF2=CFC1, became available from Kellogg in 1955 under the trademark of Kel-F (1-3) (see Fluorine compounds, ORGANic-POLYcm.OROTRiFLUOROETHYLENE Poly(vinylidene) fluoride). In 1956, 3M introduced a polymer based on poly(l,l-dihydroperfluorobutyl acrylate) trademarked 3M Brand Fluorombber 1F4 (4). The poor balance of acid, steam, and heat resistance of the latter elastomer limited its commercial use. 

In addition, taper-shaped and dendritic units were connected either covalently (at the apex or at the periphery) [133,135, 383,405] or by means of self assembly (e.g., hydrogen bonding [399]) to a polymer backbone. For example, polymers based on poly[4-(3-methacryloylpropyl]pyridine] form hydrogen bonded complexes with partially fluorinated mono-, di-, or trisubstituted benzoic acids (see complex 221 in Fig. 72). The type of mesophase formed by these complexes varies from smectic via columnar to cubic, most probably micellar cubic, with rising... 

As with all supramolecular structures, one of the most important issues is whether a direct relationship between the structure of a material and its function or properties can be established. In the following, some examples of polymer systems which show such a correlation will be discussed. The materials addressed will include block copolymers, polyalkylthiophenes and a multilayer system based on the self-assembly of polyelectrolytes. Detailed studies on the electrochemical properties of redox-active polymers, based on poly(vinyl pyridine) modified with pendent osmium polypyridyl moieties, have shown that electrochemical, neutron reflectivity and electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance measurements can yield detailed information about the structural aspects of thin layers of these materials. 

This polymer may be considered as a comb-polymer, based on poly(acrylonitrile), with a mesogenic group and two functional linking groups inserted in the side chain the molar mass of the whole structural unit is 496. 

Fig. 27. Cell diameter D distribution (cell number N in relative units) of foamed polymer based on poly-(vinyl formal) at compression deformation e (%) (1) 0.2, (2) 0.257, (3) 0.457...

Kawaguchi and coworkers at Teijin have prepared a series of polymers based on poly(diallyl amine), its copolymer with sulfur dioxide, and various terpolymers.39 The chemistry of this polymer synthesis is shown below. The patent description shows the diallylamine polymers to be polypiperidine (six-membered ring) derivatives, but there are a number of publications that show this monomer to produce preferably polypyrrolidine (five-membered ring) structures ... 

Polymers based on poly(hydroxyphenyl methacrylate), poly(N-hydroxyphenyl-methacrylate), and related copolymers have also been reported to be successfully protected with the r-BOC protecting group. Other carbonates that have higher thermal stability than r-BOC-protected carbonates have also been reported. 

Very recently, the first metathesis reaction was utilized to synthesize a new type of photorefractive polymers, based on poly(1.6-heptadiyne) derivatives, that contain both a carbazole moiety as a hole transporter and NLO chromophores. attached to TT-conjugated backbones. Photorefractive polymers based on the previous works for the photoconductivity of poly(1.6-heptadiyne) derivatives containing a carbazole moiety and electrooptic activity of poly(1.6-heptadiyne) derivatives containing NLO chromophores were developed.Herein, all functional groups are covalently linked to the polymer backbone. 

Elisseeff, J. et al.. Synthesis and characterization of photo-cross-linked polymers based on poly(D-lactic acidaspartic acid). Macromolecules, 30, 2182,1997. 

Cha Y, Choi YK, Bae YH. 1997. Thermosensitive biodegradable polymers based on poly(ether-ester) block copolymers. US Patent 5 702-717. 

Functionalised Antimicrobial Polymers Based on Poly(hydroxystyrene-co-methyl methacrylate) Derivatives... 

G. F. Zamora, C. M. C. Gonzalez, and M. A. D. Franco. Process for obtaining an antistatic polymer based on poly(A-vinylcarbazole). ES Patent 2092 427, assigned to Univ Pais Vasco Diputacion Foral De Guipuzcoa, November 16, 1996. 

Karabay, B., Pekel, L.C., Cihaner, A., 2015. A pure blue to highly transmissive electrochromic polymer based on poly(3,4-propylenedioxyselenophene) with a high optical contrast ratio. Macromolecules 48, 1352-1357. 

J. Elisseeff, K. Anseth, R. Langer, J.S. Hrkach, Synthesis and char-aderization of photo-cross-Unked polymers based on poly (L-lactic acid-co-L-aspartic acid). Macromolecules 30 (1997) 2182-2184. 

M. Pergal,V. Antid, G. Tovilovic, J. Nestorov, D.Vasiljevid-Radovid, J. Djonlagid, In vitro biocompatibility evaluation of novel urethane-siloxane co-polymers based on poly(e-caprolactone)-block-poly(dimethylsiloxane)-block-poly(e-caprolactone), J. Biomater. Sci. Polym. Ed. 23 (13) (2012) 1629-1657. 

Kessler D, Theato P (2008) Synthesis of functional inorganic-organic hybrid polymers based on poly(silsesquioxanes) and their thin film properties. Macromolecules 41 5237-5244... 

Bakhshi, A.K. and P. Rattan. 1998. Ah rrritio study of novel low-band-gap donor—acceptor polymers based on poly(cyclopentadienylene). / Chem Soc Faraday Trans 94 2823. 

Meng, H. and F. Wudl. 2001. A robust low band gap processable n-type conducting polymer based on poly(isothianaphthene). Macromolecules 34 1810. 

Cupic, Z., Anic, S., Terlecki-Baricevic, A., and Kolar-Anic, Lj., Bray-Liebhafsky Reaction the influence of some polymers based on poly (4-vinylpyridine), React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 54, 43-49, 1995. 

Fan FRF, Mau A, Bard AJ (1985) Electrogenerated chemiluminescence, a chemiluminescent polymer based on poly(vinyl-9,10-diphenylanthracene). Chem Phy Lett 116(5) 400 04... 

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