Polyester molding resins

Other. Vinyl acetate resins are useful as antishrinking agents for glass fiber-reinforced polyester molding resins (165). Poly(vinyl acetate)s are also used as binders for numerous materials, eg, fibers, leather (qv), asbestos, sawdust, sand, day, etc, to form compositions that can be shaped with heat and pressure. Joint cements, taping compounds, caulks, and fillers are other uses. 

Lennox Polymers LTD USA Sulfate lignin (Lenox lignin) Formaldehyde-free resins Adhesives for wood products (chips, laminates, veneers) High-performance specialty resins urethane and polyester molding resins, thermoplastic resins Traction products winter tire traction product Lubricants... 

Chem. Descrip. Decabromodiphenyl oxide CAS 1163-19-5 EINECS/ELINCS 214-604-9 Uses Flame retardant tor thermoplastics and fibers, ind. HIPS, glass-reinforced thermoplastic polyester molding resins, LDPE extrusion coatings, PP (homo and copolymers), ABS, nylon, PBT, PET, PU, SBR latex, textiles, rubber... 

The adhesives in Table 5 have many industrial applications. For example, EC-3535 B/A has been used to bond aluminum extrusions into auto roofs while EC-3532 B/A has been used to bond vinyl clad wire to printed circuit board. Urethane adhesives have also been us ed to bond polyester molded resin to the steel frame in Corvette auto bodies. 

Peroxydicarbonates are efficient polymerization initiators for most vinyl monomer polymerizations, especially for monomers such as acrylates, ethylene, and vinyl chloride. They are particularly good initiators for less reactive monomers such as those containing allyl groups. They are also effective for curing of unsaturated polyester molding resins. In order to increase the shipping and handling safety of peroxydicarbonates, stabilized formulations have been developed and commercialized (115-120). 

Poly(butylene terephthalate) is historically the oldest of the crystalline thermoplastic polyester molding resins, having been introduced by Celanese Corp. in 1970 under the trade name Celanex. General Electric Co. then brought out their own version Valox , and today there are numerous suppliers including BASF, Bayer AG, and DSM. Celanese have recently become Ticona. In Japan,... 

Xylene is also used in the manufacture of insecticides, dyes, vitamins, and pharmaceuticals. Most orffto-xylene is used to produce phthalic anhydride, which is mostly used to make phthalate ester plasticizers for use with vinyl plastics (with only a relatively small portion being used by the rubber industry). On the other hand, most of the para-xylene production goes into four areas of use unsaturated polyester thermosets for plastics, alkyd resins for coatings, polyester molding resins for plastics, and polyester textiles (of which only a small percentage is used as tire cord). 

Cydohexanedimethanol, 1,4- dim ethyl o1 cycl oh exa n e, or 1,4-bis (hydroxymethyl) cyclohexane (8), is a white, waxy soHd. The commercial product consists of a mixture of cis and trans isomers (6). This diol is used in the manufacture of polyester fibers (qv) (64), high performance coatings, and unsaturated polyester molding and laminating resins (5). 

Polyester chemistry is the same as studied by Carothers long ago, but polyester synthesis is still a very active field. New polymers have been very recently or will be soon commercially introduced PTT for fiber applications poly(ethylene naph-thalate) (PEN) for packaging and fiber applications and poly(lactic acid) (PLA), a biopolymer synthesized from renewable resources (corn syrup) introduced by Dow-Cargill for large-scale applications in textile industry and solid-state molding resins. Polyesters with unusual hyperbranched architecture also recently appeared and are claimed to find applications as crosstinkers, surfactants, or processing additives. 

PET, PTT, and PBT have similar molecular structure and general properties and find similar applications as engineering thermoplastic polymers in fibers, films, and solid-state molding resins. PEN is significantly superior in terms of thermal and mechanical resistance and barrier properties. The thermal properties of aromatic-aliphatic polyesters are summarized in Table 2.6 and are discussed above (Section 2.2.1.1). 

Aromatic polyesters, commercially important molding resin materials, show a low degree of flammability and produce high percentages of char on exposure to a flame or on heating to pyrolysis conditions (9). 

Some time earlier, Eastman-Kodak has been working on a novel polyester as an entry into the important polyester fiber market and had devised a new alicyclic diol, 1,4-cydohexanedimethanol [105-08-5]y effectively made by exhaustive hydrogenation of dimethyl terephthalate. Reaction of the new diol with dimethyl terephthalate gave a crystalline polyester with a higher melting point than PET and it was introduced in the United States in 1954 as a new polyester fiber under the trade name Kodel (5). Much later the same polyester, now called PCT, and a cydohexanedimethanol—terephthalate/isophthalate copolymer were introduced as molding resins and thermoforming materials (6). More recently still, copolymers of PET with CHDM units have been introduced for blow molded botde resins (7). 

Compared with other polymeric materials. LCPs have very high unidirectional properties. Iei/nt7 1 (Celanese Corp.t resins are primarily aromatic polyesters based on p-hydroxybenzoic acid and hydroxynaphthoic acid monomers. Xytlar " (Celanese Carp.) injection molding resins are polyesters based on terephthalic acid. />. p -dihydruxybiphenyl and p-hydroxybenzoic acid Differences in monomers are primarily responsible for the differences in specific properties and end uses. The fibrous nature of the polymers imparls good impact strengths. 

Unsaturated Polyester Resins. Unsaturated polyester resins are widely used as fiber-reinforced plastics, coating materials, tire cords, films, and casting or molding resins. Organic titanates such as TYZOR TPT, TYZOR TBT, or TYZOR TOT can be used to catalyze the preparation of the resins, which involves the polyesterification of a mixture of a- and p-unsaturated polybasic acids, such as maleic or fumade acid, and alicydic polybasic acids, such as adipic or isophthalic acid with polyhydroxyalcohols (489). 

From the beginning, poly(ester-imide)s had been developed as thermo-setting polymers. In the 1970s a development was started to use imide modification for improving the properties of thermoplastic polyesters. Later on in the patent literature liquid crystalline polymers can be found as being claimed as molding resins. 

Acrylics. Acetone is converted via the intermediate acetone cyanohydrin to the monomer methyl methacrylate (MMA) [80-62-6]. The MMA is polymerized to poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to make the familiar clear acrylic sheet. PMMA is also used in molding and extrusion powders. Hydrolysis of acetone cyanohydrin gives methacrylic acid (MAA), a monomer which goes direcdy into acrylic latexes, carboxylated styrene—butadiene polymers, or ethylene—MAA ionomers. As part of the methacrylic structure, acetone is found in the following major end use products acrylic sheet molding resins, impact modifiers and processing aids, acrylic film, ABS and polyester resin modifiers, surface coatings, acrylic lacquers, emulsion polymers, petroleum chemicals, and various copolymers (see Methacrylic acid and derivatives Methacrylic polymers). 

The basic composition of matter patents had long since expired when Celanese sampled the market in 1970 with a glass fiber reinforced PBT product designated X-917. This product was subsequently called Celanex polyester molding compound. Eastman Kodak followed Celanese early in 1971, and General Electric followed Eastman Kodak later in the same year with Valox PBT polyester resin. Since that time a dozen or more additional companies around the world have entered (and some have subsequently exited) the business. 

HTR-4275. [DuPont] Thermoplastic polyester elastomer blow molding resin. 

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