Hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic

Reactivity numbers of the most reactive positions have been used to correlate the reactivities in nitration (see below) and other substitutions of a series of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and they give somewhat better correlations than any of the other commonly used indices of reactivity. The relationship shown below, which was discussed earlier ( 7.1.1),... 

Richter, H. and Howard, J.B., Formation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their growth to soot—a review of chemical reaction pathways, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci., 26,565,2000. 

The recommended method of trichloroethylene disposal is incineration after mixing with a combustible fuel (Sittig 1985). Care should be taken to carry out combustion to completion in order to prevent the formation of phosgene (Sjoberg 1952). Other toxic byproducts of incomplete combustion include polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and perchloroaromatics (Blankenship et al. 1994 Mulholland et al. 1992). An acid scrubber also must be used to remove the haloacids produced. 

Finlayson-Pitts BJ, IN Pitts (1997) Tropospheric air pollution ozone, airborne toxics, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and particles. Science 276 1045-1052. 

Lagadec AJM, DJ Miller, AV Lilke, SB Hawthorne (2000) Pilot-scale subcritical water remediation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon- and pesticide-contaminated soil. Environ Sci Technol 34 1542-1548. 

Warshawsky D, T Cody, M Radike, R Reilman, B Schumann, K LaDow, J Schneider (1995) Biotransformation of benzo[a]pyrene and other polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic analogues by several green algae and other algal species under gold and white light. Chem-Biol Interact 97 131-148. 

Hammel KE, B Kalyanaraman, TK Kirk (1986) Oxidation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dibenzo(p)dioxins by Phanerochaete chrysosporium ligninase. J Biol Chem 261 16948-16952. 

Coates JD, J Woodward, J Allen, P Philip, DR Lovley (1997) Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes in petroleum-contaminated marine harbor sediments. Appl Environ Microbiol 63 3589-3593. 

Yang, W.-H., Chen, I-L., and Wu, D.-H., Chemically bonded phenylsilicone stationary phases for the liquid chromatographic separation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and cyclosiloxanes, /. Chromatogr. A, 722, 97, 1996. 

IARC, International Agency for Research on Cancer (2010) IARC monographs on the evaluation of carcinogenic risks to humans, vol 92. Some non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some related exposures. http //monographs.iarc.lr/ENG/Monographs/vol92... 

Monograph on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks of the Chemical to Man Certain Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Heterocyclic Compounds", Internat. Agency Res. Cancer, World Health Organization, 1973 Vol. 3. 

Hydroperoxide-Dependent Oxygenation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Their Metabolites... 

Cramer J (1973) Model of the circulation of DDT on Earth. Atmospheric Environment 7 241-256 Cziudaj G (2005) Die Rolle der Ozeane bei der globalen Verteilung von organischen Schadstoffen PCB als Modellsubstanzen. PhD thesis, Christian Albrechts University Kiel Dachs J, Bayona JM, Fowler SW, Miquel J, Albaiges J (1996) Vertical fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and organochlorine compounds in the western Alboran Sea (southwestern Mediterranean). Marine Chemistry 52 75-86... 

Arey, J., Atkinson, R., Zielinska, B., McElroy, P.A. (1989) Diurnal concentrations of volatile polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and nitroarenes during a photochemical air pollution episode in Glendora, California. Environ. Sci. Technol. 23, 321-327. 

Baker, J.E., Eisenreich, S J. (1990) Concentrations and fluxes of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls across the air-water interface of Lake Superior. Environ. Sci. Technol. 24, 342-352. 

Brubaker, Jr. W.W., Hites, R.A. (1998) OH reaction kinetics of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans. J. Phys. Chem. A 102, 915-921. 

Chen, J.W., Kong, L.R., Zhu, C.M., Huang, Q.G., Wang, L.S. (1996) Correlation between photolysis rate constants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and frontier molecular orbital energy. Chemosphere 33, 1143-1150. 

Cope, V.W., Kalkwarf, D.R. (1987) Photooxidation of selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pyrenequinones coated on glass surfaces. Environ. Sci. Technol. 21(7), 643-648. 

Hamer, T., Bidleman, T.F. (1998) Measurement of octanol-air partition coefficients for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated naphthalenes. J. Chem. Eng. Data 43, 40-46. 

Krauss, M., Wilcke, W. (2001) Predicting soil-water partitioning of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polychlorinated biphenyls by desorption with methanol-water mixtures at different temperatures. Environ. Sci. Technol. 35, 2319-2325. 

Wakayama, N., Inokuchi, H. (1967) Heats of sublimation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their molecular packings. Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 40, 2267-2271. 

Petroleum products contain many fluorescing compounds, e.g., aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and various heterocyclic... 

A wide variety of different classes of fluorescent molecules has been investigated in the peroxyoxalate chemiluminescent systems. Among those screened were fluorescent dyes such as rhodamines and fluoresceins, heterocyclic compounds such as benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, and a number of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons such as anthracenes, tetracenes, and perylenes. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some of their amino derivatives appear to be the best acceptors as they combine high fluorescence efficiency with high excitation efficiency in the chemiluminescent reaction [28],... 

Anderson, R.S., J.E. Doos, and F.L. Rose. 1982. Differential ability of Ambystoma tigrinum hepatic microsomes to produce mutagenic metabolites from polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and aromatic amines. Cancer Lett. 16 33-41. 

Barnett, D. 1976. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and foods. CSIRO Food Res. Quart. 36 8-12. 

Beckles, D.M., C.H. Ward, and J.B. Hughes. 1998. Effect of mixtures of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and sediments on fluoranthene biodegradation patterns. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 17 1246-1251. 

Gimeno R.A. et al., 2002. Determination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry detection in seawater and sediment samples. J Chromatogr A 958 141. 

A gaseous sample is passed through a solid material, such as silica gel or polyurethane foam (PUF), in a tube. A glass fiber filter is often put in front of the solid support to capture particle-phase constituents, while the vapor-phase compounds are captured on the solid support. This is used for semivolatile analytes, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and pesticides. The solid support is then usually extracted in the lab with a solvent (see techniques described later in this chapter), and then the techniques used for liquid samples are followed. 

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