Polychlorinated biphenyls aquatic organisms

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) ai e toxic compounds of anthropogenous origin, able to accumulate in tissues of alive organisms and to cause different diseases. These compounds ai e the most dangerous for aquatic ecosystems as they easily adsorb in sludge and ai e included in food chains of biota. Humans consume PCBs and OCPs mostly with fish. 

Toxic organic compounds commonly found in groundwater are presented in Table 18.4. Other toxic organic compounds (representing 1% of cases) include PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls), 2,4-D, 2,4,5-TP (silvex), toxaphene, methoxychlor, lindane, and endrin, of which 2,4-D and silvex are commonly used for killing aquatic and land weeds. Inorganic toxic substances commonly found in... 

UV filters are currently considered as emerging environmental contaminants of increasing concern since most of the commonly used are known to cause endocrine disrupting effects in both aquatic and terrestrial organisms as well as in human skin cells [4]. These compounds bioaccumulate in fish at similar levels to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and DDT [5, 6]. 

Zhang, Q.H., Jiang, G.B., 2005. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/furans and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments and aquatic organisms from the Taihu Lake, China. Chemosphere 61, 314-322. 

Senthilkumar, K., Kannan, K., Subramanian, A.N., Tanabe, S., 2001. Accumulation of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in sediments, aquatic organisms, birds, bird eggs and bat collected from South India. Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res. 8, 35-47. 

Eisenreich, S.J. (1987) The chemical liminology of nonpolar organic contaminants polychlorinated biphenyl in Lake Superior. In Sources and Fates of Aquatic Pollutants. Hites, R. A., Eisenreich, S. J., Eds. pp. 393—469. Advances in Chemistry Series 216. Am. Chem. Soc., Washington D.C. 

Mayer, F.L., Mehrle, P.M., Sanders, H.O. (1977) Residue dynamics and biological effects of polychlorinated biphenyls in aquatic organisms. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 5, 501. 

With the extensive use of pest control chemicals in agriculture and industry, residues of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have been discovered to elicit toxicological effects on aquatic organisms and wildlife. It is well known that these compounds are lipophilic (meaning attraction to fat... 

Chlorobiphenyls (CBs) are used widely by industry, including transformers and capacitors in the electrical industry and inks, paints and paper in the printing and allied industries. Unwanted polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB) formulations and waste materials containing PCBs are normally incinerated. However, PCBs and waste products containing these materials are inadvertently or illegally disposed of at dump sites and landfill sites. Unsealed PCB sources are leached into the terrestrial and aquatic environment and incomplete combustion vaporises these compounds into the atmosphere therefore, they enter the wider global cycle of trace organic compounds and ubiquitous environmental contaminants that occur in bovine milk, milk powders and products as a result of intake via animal feed. 

Bioconcentration Lactors (BCLs) and Bioaccumulation Factors (BAFs) for Select Congeners and Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Various Aquatic Organisms... 

Total Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Various Aquatic Organisms... 

Shaw, G. R., and D. W. Connell (1984), Physicochemical Properties Controlling Polychlorinated Biphenyl (PCB) Concentrations in Aquatic Organisms, Environ. Sci. Technol. 18, 18-23. 

Smit, Z., Drevenkar, V., and Kodrid-Smi(, M., Polychlorinated Biphenyls in the Kupa River, Croatia, Yugoslavia , in Organic Micropollutants in the Aquatic Environment, Proceedings of the Fifth European Symposium, Rome 1987, Commission of the European Communities, Angeletti, G. and Bj0iseth, A., (Eds.), Dordrecht, Kluwer Academic Publishers 1988, pp. 198-203. 

---