Polycarbonate blend with poly methyl

Photodegradation of bisphenol-A-epichlorhydrin [1225], poly(dian carbonates) [1738] and of polycarbonate blends with polypropylene [1282] and poly(methyl methacrylate) has also been described [673, 1645]. 

Other interesting ternary systems exist. Polystyrene is not miscible with polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate), or poly(vinyl acetate). However, addition of copolymer p-(hexa-fluoro-2-hydroxypropyl)styrene forms a ternary blend with miscible regions for polystyrene with polycarbonate or polystyrene with poly(methyl methacrylate) or polystyrene with poly(vinyl acetate) [86,90]. 

Examples of photothermoplasts include polyacrylates, polyacrylamides, polystyrenes, polycarbonates, and their copolymers (169). An especially well-re searched photothermoplast is poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), which is blended with methyl methacrylate (MMA) or styrene as a monomer, and titanium-bis(cyclopentadienyl) as a photoinitiator (170). 

Carboxylated polyesters were prepared by extending hydroxyl-terminated polyester segments with dianhydrides. Carboxylated polyesters which were soluble in common lacquer solvents were effective in improving the adhesion of coatings on a variety of substrates when 1-10% was blended with cellulose acetate butyrate, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(methyl methacrylate), polystyrene, bisphenol polycarbonates, and other soluble polymers. 

On the other hand, some mechanically compatible blends as well as some dispersed two-phase systems have made respectable inroads into the commercial scene. Many of these are blends of low-impact resins with high-impact elastomeric polymers examples are polystyrene/rubber, poly (styrene-co-acrylonitrile) /rubber, poly (methyl methacrylate) /rubber, poly (ethylene propylene)/propylene rubber, and bis-A polycarbonate/ ABS as well as blends of polyvinyl chloride with ABS or PMMA or chlorinated polyethylene. 

More or less similar behavior has been observed (8) in the blends of the copolymer or the terpolymer with the following bis-A polycarbonate, polyvinyl chloride, poly (ethyl methacrylate), and a terpolymer made from methyl methacrylate, N,N -dimethyl acrylamide, and N-phenyl-maleimide. Because of this unique miscibility characteristic of the a-methyl styrene interpolymers, an attempt was made at compati-bilizing polyarylethers with the interpolymers by attaching pendant chemical groups known to exist in systems with which the interpolymers are miscible. 

The other alternative for exciton quenching due to doping is Forster-type energy transfer towards a chromophore with bathochromatically shifted absorption spectrum so that the spectral overlap between the donor and acceptor absorption is larger. An example is fluorescence quenching in a film of poly(phenyl-pheny-lene-vinylene) (PPPV) blended with polycarbonate (PC) at a PPPV PC ratio of 20 80 per weight and doped by the 4-dicyanomethylenc-2-methyl-6-p-dimcthyla-... 

CNTs can be first synthesized by arc discharge, laser ablation, and chemical vapor decomposition. CNTs are dispersed in a polymer matrix by melt blending under a high temperature and high shear force, which is also compatible with current industrial practices (Moniruzzaman and Winey, 2006). Melt blending is simple and useful for thermoplastic polymers, such as, polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, poly(methyl methacrylate)... 

Surface-directed spinodal decomposition was first observed in an isotopic polymer blend (Jones et al. 1991) thin films of a mixture of poly(ethylene-propylene) and its deuterated analogue were annealed below the upper critical solution temperature and the depth profiles measured using forward recoil spectrometry, to reveal oscillatory profiles similar to those sketched in figure 5.30. Similar results have now been obtained for a number of other polymer blends, including polystyrene with partially brominated polyst)u-ene (Bruder and Brenn 1992), polystyrene with poly(a-methyl styrene) (Geoghegan et al. 1995) and polystyrene with tetramethylbisphenol-A polycarbonate (Kim et al. 1994), suggesting that the phenomenon is rather general. 

The DSC results for the reactive compatibilization of polycarbonate (PC) with a polyester (poly(ethyl methyl pentyl terepthalate)) are shown in Fig. 5.11, where the initial blend is phase separated, but with increasing time exposure at 200 °C phase mixing occurs [29]. The addition of a phosphate stabilizer (di-n-octyl phthalate DNOP) allows for preservation of phase separation imder time/temperature conditions, where miscibility is observed without catalyst deactivation. 

So far, various bio-based polymers have been developed, e.g., cellulose acetate, poly(alkylene succinate)s, starch-based blends, poly(3-hydroxy alkanoate)s (PHA) [1], poly(lactic acid) (PLA) [2], etc. Nowadays, some typical commodity plastics have also been S5mthesized from biomass, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, poly(methyl methacrylate) [3], polyamide-4 [4], and polycarbonate [5]. If plastic materials are synthesized from renewable resources and circularly utilized with precise control of their depolymerization, an ideal recycling system could be constructed for plastic products, in which the resources and production energy could be minimized. Thus, the development of bio-based recyclable polymers is significant. In Scheme 9.1, t5 ical... 

Chen and Gardella used this surface engineering strategy to create siloxane-rich surfaces [40]. Their approach involved the blending of a homopolymer (A) with a block copolymer composed of a block with the same chemical identity as the homopolymer (A) and a block of PDMS. For all homopolymer types studied (polystyrene, poly(cc methyl.styrene) and Bisphenol A polycarbonate), XPS analysis of Si C ratios revealed a significant enrichment of the PDMS... 

In addition to copolymers, various blends containing polyalkylstyrenes are used in practice. One such polymer is poly(4-methoxystyrene) 1/1 w/w blend bisphenol A polycarbonate. The thermal decomposition of this polymer when heated from ambient to 500° C generates CO2, 4-methoxystyrene, a-methyl-4-methoxystyrene, p-cresol and small amounts of other phenols, poly (4-methoxystyrene), dimer and trimer with vinylidene and saturated ends, polycarbonate cyclic dimer and chain fragments, bisphenol A, etc. [94]. 

PS is miscible with several polymers, viz. polyphenyleneether (PPE), polyvinylmethylether (PVME), poly-2-chlorostyrene (PCS), polymethylstyrene (PMS), polycarbonate of tetramethyl bisphenol-A (TMPC), co-polycarbonate of bisphenol-A and tetramethyl bisphenol-A, polycyclohexyl acrylate (PCHA), polyethylmethacrylate (PEMA), poly-n-propyl methacrylate (PPMA), polycyclohexyl methacrylate (PCHMA), copolymers of cyclohexyl methacrylate and methyl methacrylate, bromobenzylated- or sulfonated-PPE, etc. Other miscible blends are listed in Appendix 2. 

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