Polybutylene terephthalate polyester resin

Polyesters, which are a class of engineering thermoplastics, are found in a wide variety of applications including carbonated drink bottles, fibers for synthetic fabrics, thin films for photographic films and food packaging, injection molded automotive parts, and housings for small appliances. In this chapter, we svill explore the synthesis of this class of polymers. We will also look at the typical properties and end uses for the most common of these resins, polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, which are commonly known as PET and PBT, respectively. 

Typically, polyester resins are used for high-end applications that require excellent electrical and thermal resistance. When dimensional stability under load is more critical, glass fibers are incorporated to increase the heat distortion temperature and the stiffness of the part. Examples of glass fiber reinforced parts include electrical housings, electrical adapters, computer components, telephone housings, and light bulb sockets. When impact modified, polybutylene terephthalate can be injection molded to make car bumpers. 

PBDEs are used in different resins, polymers, and substrates at levels ranging from 5 to 30% by weight (EU 2001). Plastic materials that utilize PBDEs as flame retardants include ABS polyacrylonitrile (PAN) polyamide(PA) polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) polyethylene (PE) cross-linked polyethylene (XPE) polyethylene terephthalate (PET) polypropylene (PP) polystyrene (PS) high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) polyvinyl chloride (PVC) polyurethane (PUR) and unsaturated polyester (UPE). These polymers and examples of their final products are summarized inTable 5-2 (Hardy 2002 WHO 1994a). 

Japan s Showa Highpolymers, part of the Showa Denko group, and Korea s SK Chemicals both have small plants producing aliphatic (polybutylene succinate) and aliphatic-aromatic (polybutyrate adipate terephthalate) polyesters. Both firms also offer their resins in the USA. Showa s Bionelle products are used in commodity bags, agricultural films, traffic cones, and industrial trays. Some Bionolle grades are modified with diisocyanate chain extenders to improve stiffness and thermal properties. 

Unsaturated polyesters are produced in the form of dissolved resins in polymerizable monomers (usually styrene). They are also known in the form of molding resins or as hardened products. One should distinguish between them and the saturated aliphatic and aromatic polyesters. Among the latter are polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate. 

See Polyester elastomer, thermoplastic Riteflex 677. See Polybutylene terephthalate Riteflex BP 8929, Riteflex BP 9056, Riteflex BP 9057, Riteflex BP 9086, Riteflex BPX 9056. See Polyester elastomer, thermoplastic Ritoleth 2. See Oleth-2 Ritoleth 5. See Oleth-5 Ritoleth 10. SeeOleth-10 Ritoleth 20. See Oleth-20 Rit-O-Lite MHP-S. See Formaldehyde/toluenesulfonamide polymer Ritox 35. See Laureth-23 Ritox 52. See PEG-40 stearate Ritox 53. See PEG-50 stearate Ritox 59. See PEG-100 stearate Ritox 721. See Steareth-21 RIX 80482. See Phenolic resin Rizolex. See Tolclofos-methyl / L-60 RL-68, RL-90. See Titanium dioxide RMDI. See Methylene bis (4-... 

Polyacrylamidomethylpropane sulfonic acid Polyacrylic acid Polybutylene terephthalate Polydimethylaminoethyl methacrylate Polyester resin, thermoplastic Polyethylacrylate Polyethylene Polyethylene terephthalate Polyglucuronic acid Polyisobutene Polymethacrylamidopropyl trimonium chloride Polymethyl acrylate Polymethyl methacrylate Polyoxyisobutylene/methylene urea copolymer Polypropylene Polypropylene, oxidized Polyquaternium-1 Polyquaternium-2 Polyquaternium-4 Polyquaternium-5 Polyquaternium-6 Polyquaternium-7... 

In DuPont Hytrel polyester TPEs, the resin is a block copolymer. The hard phase is polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). The soft segments are long-chain polyether glycols. 

The thermoplastic polyesters (PEST) are dominated by two resins polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT). There are similarities between ABS/PA and ABS/PEST blends. 

Terephthalate polyester ter- o(f)- tha lat, pa-le- es-tor n. Any polymeric ester of ter-ephthalic acid (1,4-benzene dicarboxylic acid), but in particular the three commercially important thermoplastic resins, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and poly-cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate. 

Thermoplastic polyester n. Any of a class of linear terephthalate polyesters that are true thermoplastics. Commercially important are polyethylene, terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and poly-cycloxexylenedimethylene terephthalate. USA sales of these resins in 1992 totaled 1.24 Tg (1.37 X 10 tons). 

The most common thermosetting laminating resins are phenolics, melamines, epoxies, polyesters, silicones, and polyimides. Thermoplastic resins used in making laminates include polysulfone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyetheretherketone, polyamide-imide, polybutylene terephthalate, nylon 6, and polypropylene. 

Engineering thermoplastic resins (ETP) are those whose set of properties (mechanical, thermal, chemical) allows them to be used in engineering applications. They are more expensive than commodity thermoplastics and generally include polyamides (PA), polycarbonate (PC), linear polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyphenylene ether (PPE) and polyoxymethylene (POM). Specialty resins show more specialized performance, often in terms of a continuous service temperature of 200°C or more and are significantly more expensive than engineering resins. This family include fluoropolymers, liquid crystal polymers (LCP), polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), aromatic polyamides (PARA), polysulfones (P ), polyimides and polyetherimides. 

Terephthalic acid (TA) produced in a purified form (PTA) is used almost exclusively in the manufacture of polyethylene terephthalate (PET polyester) fibers. A smaller percentage of PTA is used for the manufacture of polyester films, polybutylene terephthalate resins and barrier resins for carbonated beverage bottles. Between 1994 and 1998, global PTA capacity increased by 62%, from lOmilfionto 17 million metric tons. Approximately 70% of worldwide PTA capacity is located in the Asia-Pacific region. ... 

Thermoplastic polyester resins, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), contain residual phenolic or carboxylic reactive sites that make epoxysUanes effective. 

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