Polybutylene adipate terephthalate

Polybutylene adipate/terephthalate (PBAT) from BASF and IRe Chemical... 

Among the aliphatic and aromatic polyesters and their copolymers, PBS, PBSA, poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT), polybutylene adipate/terephthalate (PBAT), and PTMAT are the most known polymers. Some of these polymers such as PBS have been largely used as a matrix to bionanocomposites with a variety of reinforcements [87]. For example. Table 11.3 lists some of the modified days used to prepare PBS-based bionanocomposites via solvent and melt intercalation and master batch formation [87]. 

Polyethylene terephthalate [25038-59-9] (8) is a polyester produced by the condensation polymerization of dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol. Polyethylene terephthalate sutures are available white (undyed), or dyed green with D C Green No. 6, or blue with D C Blue No. 6. These may be coated with polybutylene adipate (polybutilate), polyydimethylsiloxane, or polytetrafiuoroethylene [9002-84-0]. The sutures are distributed under the trade names Ethibond Exel, Mersdene, Polydek, Silky II Polydek, Surgidac, Tevdek II, Polyester, and Tl.Cron. 

Aliphatic polyesters like polycaprolactone (PCL) or polybutylene adipate (PBA) are readily biodegradable, but because of their melting points of 60 °C are unsuitable for many applications. On the other hand, aromatic polyesters like polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) have high melting points above 200 °C and very good material properties, but are not biodegradable. 

Japan s Showa Highpolymers, part of the Showa Denko group, and Korea s SK Chemicals both have small plants producing aliphatic (polybutylene succinate) and aliphatic-aromatic (polybutyrate adipate terephthalate) polyesters. Both firms also offer their resins in the USA. Showa s Bionelle products are used in commodity bags, agricultural films, traffic cones, and industrial trays. Some Bionolle grades are modified with diisocyanate chain extenders to improve stiffness and thermal properties. 

Using special reactions, it has also been shown that, a degradable polymer can be produced as well i.e., by transesterification, new biodegradable polyesters can be synthesised from polybutylene adipate-co-succinate and polyethylene terephthalate [21]). 

Copolymers of the polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate type with a molar fraction of terephthalate of 42 mol-%, biodegrade completely to form compost in twelve weeks, whereas products with 51 mol-% of molar fraction of terephthalate show a percentage of biodegradation of less than 40% (42). This different behavior was attributed to the formation of a higher number of butylene terephthalate sequences with a length greater than or equal to 3, which are less easily biodegradable. 

The matrix is a biodegradable and aromatic copolyester (polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate, PBAT), from Eastman (EASTAR BIO Ultra Copolyester 14766). Copolyester chemical structure is given in Table 17.2. This copolyester is soluble at room temperature in different solvents such as THF, CH2CI2, or CHCI3. Determined by HNMR, PBAT composition is 43% of butylene terephthalate and 57% of butylene adipate. Determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC), molecular weight (Mw) and polydispersity index (IP) are 48,000 and 2.4, respectively. Melt flow index (MFI) is 13 g/10 min at 190°C/2.16 Kg. PBAT density is 1.27 g/cm at 23°C. 

Biodegradable composites of PBAT (polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate) with bamboo flour, cryofracture surfaces [4] ... 

Polybutylene succinate Polybutylene succinate adipate Polybutylene succinate Polybutylene terephthalate Polybutylene adipate-co-terephtalate... 

Polybutylene adipate - polybutylene sebacate Polybutylene sebacate - polybutylene succinate Polybutylene sebacate - polybutylene succinate Polybutylene terephthalate Polydispersivity index Polydimethyl siloxane Polyethylene Polyethylene glycol(s)... 

Another class of crystalline polyesters with commercial potential is biodegradable polyesters. Pollet et al. [47] evaluated three different biodegradable polyesters (polybutylene succinate (BIO Bionolle manufactured by Showa High Polymer Co.), and two polybutylene-adipate-co-butylene-terephthalates (ECO Ecoflex F manufactured by BASF and EAS EastasrBio Ultra manufactured by Novamont)). The organo-montmorillonite utilized in the evaluations was Cloisite SOB. The Cloisite 30B was dried at 40°C under reduced pressure for 4 h. Cloisite 30B must be properly dried for this application. The composites with the best mechanical performance were prepared with a two-roll mill (Agila) for 10 min with the temperature set at 150°C for EAS and ECO and 160°C for BIO. The montmorillonite content of the composites was 3 wt.%. Preparing a master batch of polymer with a 36 wt.% Cloisite SOB initially with subsequent formulation was not as effective. 

Vestinol AH Food, Vestinol AH MED, Vestinol AH. See s-Dioctyl phthalate Vestinol C. See Dibutyl phthalate Vestinol IB. See Diisobutyl phthalate Vestinol OA. See Dioctyl adipate Vestoduf Series. See Polybutylene terephthalate... 

PBSA Polybutylene-succinate adipate PBT Polybutylene terephthalate PC Polycarbonate PCHA Polycyclohexyl acrylate PCHE Polycyclohexylethylene PCHMA Polycyclohexyl methacrylate PCL Polycaprolactone PCO Polycycloolefin PCS Poly-2-chlorostyrene PCTF Polychlorotrifiuoroethylene PCTFE Polychlorotrifiuoroethylene... 

Synthetic Biodegradable materials ( ) -1- BAK 1095 polyester amide (Bayer, G) -2-ECOFLEX 1,4 butandiol adipinic-dicarbonic and terephthalate copolyester (BASE, G) -3- EASTAR 14766 poly(tetramethylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (Eastman, USA) -4- Bionolle 3000 polybutylene succinate/adipate (Showa, Japan). 

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