Poly surface properties

Surface Protection. The surface properties of fluorosihcones have been studied over a number of years. The CF group has the lowest known intermolecular force of polymer substituents. A study (6) of liquid and solid forms of fluorosihcones has included a comparison to fluorocarbon polymers. The low surface tensions for poly(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)methylsiloxane and poly(3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6-nonafluorohexyl)methylsiloxane both resemble some of the lowest tensions for fluorocarbon polymers, eg, polytetrafluoroethylene. 

Finally, surface properties of PTFEP were modified photochemically by light-induced grafting of poly(AT,Ar,-dimethylacryl amide) onto the film surface of this material to achieve a remarkable enhancement of its hydrophilicity [513]. 

Similar molecular weight poly(DMA-co-EPl), 1750 daltons, ca. 13 repeat units, and poly(TMDAB-co-DCB), 1500 daltons, ca. 11 repeat units were compared. The two condensation polymers appeared to be about equally effective in preventing the swelling of Wyoming bento-nite. Any small differences are probably due to repeat unit chemical structure differences rather than the small variations in polymer molecular weight. The presence of the hydroxyl group and the smaller N - N distance in poly(DMA-co-EPl) could affect polymer conforma-tion in solution, geometry of the polymer - clay complex, and surface properties of the polymer - clay complex as compared to poly(TMDAB-co-DCB). 

Crystallinity of these hexafluoroisopropylidene-unit-containing poly(ketone)s is low except for poly(sulfide ketone) (13). The water contact angle for the fluorine-containing poly(ketone) films is high, being 98° for poly(ether ketone) (11), from 2,2-bis(4-carboxyphenyl)-l,l, l,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane(15) and 96° for poly(sulfide ketone) (13) from 15, whereas it is 78° for poly(ether ketone) from 2,2-bis(4-carboxy-phenyl)propane (16) and 74° for the poly(sulfide ketone) from 16. This result indicates that the substitution of isopropylidene units of poly-(ketone)s with hexafluoroisopropylidene units has a remarkable effect on the surface properties of poly(ketone) films. 

She, H. Chaudhury, M. K. Owen, M. J. Surface Properties of Thin Film Poly(dimethylsiloxane). In Silicones and Silicone-Modified Materials Clarson, S. J., Fitzgerald, J. J., Owen, M. J., Smith, S. D., Eds. ACS Symposium Series 729 American Chemical Society Washington, DC, 2000 pp 322-331. 

Jo, W. H., Polymorphism and Surface Properties of Poly(trimeth-ylene terephthalate) (PTT), Final Report, Shell Chemical Company, Houston, Tx, 1999. 

Takei, Y. G., Aoki, T., Sanui, K., Ogata, N., Sakurai, Y, and Okano, T. Dynamic contact angle measurement of temperature-responsive surfaces properties for poly(Af-isopropylacrylamide) grafted surfaces. Macromolecules, 1994, 27, 6163—6166. 

J. Lucassen, F. Hollway, and J.H. Buckingham Surface Properties of Mixed Solutions of Poly-Lysine and Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate. 2. Dynamic Surface Properties. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 67, 432 (1978). 

Chlorinated vinyl chloride-based compositions composed from chlorinated poly(ethylene) and MMBS are suitable for injection molding products with good heat resistance, impact strength, mold-ability, and surface properties (20). 

Hlavay and Poly k (2005) investigated the surface properties of an iron(III) hydroxide-coated alumina sorbent. Amorphous iron(III) hydroxide was coated onto a mixture of amorphous and various crystalline forms of AI2O3. The iron concentration of the sorbent was 56.1 mmol g-1. Depending on pH, batch experiments indicated that the sorbent was effective with As(V) and to some extent As(III). In a pH 5.6 solution with an ionic strength of 0.1 mmol L-1 and containing 1 mmol L-1 (75 mg As(V) L-1) of As(V), a dosage of 2.5 g sorbent 100 ml-1 of solution sorbed 0.3 mmol As(V) g-1 sorbent (22 mg As(V) g-1 sorbent). In comparison, the sorption capacity of As(III) was only about 0.06 mmol g-1 (4.5 mg As(III) g-1 sorbent) under the same conditions (Hlavay and Poly k, 2005, 76). 

Hlavay, J. and Poly k, K. (2005) Determination of surface properties of iron hydroxide-coated alumina adsorbent prepared for removal of arsenic from drinking water. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 284(1), 71-77. 

Specific properties of polysilanes have been linked to the method of synthesis.35 For example, in the case of anionic polymerization of poly[l-(6-methoxy-hexyl)-l,2,3-trimethyldisilanylene] a new type of chromism was induced in the polysilane film by the difference in the surface properties of substrates and was termed a surface-mediated chromism. The polysilane exhibited thermochromism with an absorption maximum at 306 nm at 23°C, but <15°C a band at 328 nm began to appear. A monolayer of the polysilane was transferred onto both a clean hydrophilic quartz plate and a hydrophobic one treated with hexamethyldisilazane by the vertical dipping method. With the hydrophobic plate, a broad UV absorption at 306 nm is obtained, whereas the absorption on a hydrophilic plate shifts to 322 nm. The conformation of the polysilane is preserved by hydrogen bonding between the silica surface and the ether section of the substituent on the hydrophilic plate. The polysilane is attached to the hydrophobic surface only by van der Waals forces, and this weaker interaction would not sustain the thermodynamically unstable conformational state that is attained on the water surface. 

Recently the surface properties of the supramolecular inclusion complex (ICs) obtained from the threading of a-CD onto poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) free in solution was studied [28], The complex were characterized by IR, H NMR spectroscopy, and thermal analisis. The variation of the interfacial tension, yjnt, with inclusion complex (IC) concentration and temperature were determined. The results were compared with those found for PEO under the same conditions. a-CD does not present surface activity [28], To quantify the adsorption process of IC and PEO in aqueous medium, the following form of Gibbs equation was used [29],... 

Brash JL, Uniyal S (1979) Dependence of albumin-fibrinogen simple and competitive adsorption on surface-properties of biomaterials. J Poly Sci C Poly Symp (66) 377—389... 

Betrholon-Rajot, I., D. Labarre, et al. (2005). Influence of the initiator system, cerium-polysaccharide, on the surface properties of poly(isobutylcyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Polymer 46 1407-1415. 

There is a vast body of diblock copolymer studies since block choice can be such that they resemble amphiphilic surfactants. For the sake of brevity, we will skip them. Instead, we present an interesting case of triblock copolymers of poly(ethylene oxide), PEO, and poly(propylene oxide), PPO, commonly known by one of its trade names, Pluronics [117]. They have been used as non-ionic surfactants for a variety of applications such as in emulsification and dispersion stabilization. In aqueous solutions, these copolymers form micelles, and there exists a well-defined critical micelle concentration that is experimentally accessible. Several groups have investigated colloidal suspensions of these polymers [118-122], The surface properties of the adsorbed monolayers of the copolymers have been reported with respect to their structures and static properties [123-126]. 

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