Pollution control communications

The averaging time of the rapid-response record [Fig. 4-1 (a)] is an inherent characteristic of the instrument and the data acquisition system. It can become almost an instantaneous record of concentration at the receptor. However, in most cases this is not desirable, because such an instantaneous record cannot be put to any practical air pollution control use. What such a record reveals is something of the turbulent structure of the atmosphere, and thus it has some utility in meteorological research. In communications... 

However, in terms of long-term needs, nations and communities can ignore air pollution control only at their peril. A population can subsist. 

Helgen, J.C. 1999, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency, Minneapolis, M.N. Personal communication. 

The shift of emphasis from end-of-pipe waste management and pollution control to waste minimization is not without its obstacles [16, 17, 20-23]. However, the barriers to waste minimization are similar to those of any other major change in business practices. The recognition of the hazards, liabilities, and costs associated with hazardous waste generation is relatively new to the industrial community and there are significant limitations on available financial resources, information, and technical capabilities. Waste minimization can be further limited by institutional barriers due to the persistent end-of-pipe outlook on hazardous wastes that is common to both government and industry. Some of the barriers to waste minimization include [16,20-23,28-30,36,37] ... 

Shy, C.M., J.P.Creason, M.E.Pearlman, K.E.McClain, F.B.Benson, and M.M.Young. 1970a. The Chattanooga school children study Effects of community exposure to nitrogen dioxide. I. Methods, description of pollutant exposure, and results of ventilatory function testing. J. Air Pollut. Control Assoc. 20(8) 539-545. 

As a basis for all efforts of air pollution control, the California Air Resources Board, as well as the Environmental Protection Agency of the federal government, has adopted ambient air quality standards based on health and aesthetic considerations. These standards have been derived from observing living organisms in the laboratory as well as in the community. These studies were compiled in the criteria documents of state and federal control agencies 11). 

How clean we want the air is a most important, but highly subjective judgment. The ultimate in control is no pollution at all. However, the cost of this ideal would certainly result in the downgrading of other desirable community services schools, transportation, safety, etc. Pollution control must take its place among the desirable tax-consuming, community activities and is always subjected to a relative importance judgment 12, 13). The subjective nature of these important decisions... 

Hodgeson, J. A., Air Pollution Control Office, private communication, 1971. 

In 1953 the Public Health Service in cooperation with state and local departments in air-pollution control agencies set up air sampling stations in 17 communities. The Federal Air Pollution Research and Technical Assistance Act (Public Law 159, 84th Congress) became effective in June, 1955. The network expanded to become national in 1957, at which time about 110 urban and 51 non-urban stations in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico were operated on a continuing basis. Currently, the National Air Surveillance Network (NASN) includes some 270 stations (10% of which are non-urban) where particulate matter is collected on glass-fiber filters and TSP is deter-... 

In addition and recognizing development of new EU Community procedures [101], additional pollution control measures for NP and NPEO should be considered for the following sectors ... 

Exhaust gas catalysts has been widely used since the laimching of the 1970 Clean Air Act in the USA and especially after the introduction of stricter regulations in 1981. At present, one of the fastest growing areas of catalyst-based technology is automotive pollution control. All gasoline-fuelled vehicles sold in the USA, Japan and in the European Community must be equipped with exhaust aftertreatment in order to meet the emission standards. Oxidation catalysts for heavy-duty vehicles have only been used for a short period, but following the tightening emission standards there will be an increased demand for such systems. 

Vyrhen one discusses organic solvents and air pollution, there is an almost Pavlovian response to Los Angeles Rule 66. In some respects it is unfortunate that this response has developed as rapidly as it has and to the extent that it has across the nation. When the rule was promulgated, Lewis J. Fuller who was the air pollution control officer of Los Angeles County, cautioned those who attempted to apply this rule to the rest of the country. He said that other communities should first learn the character and extent of their local problems and then try to resolve these problems, possibly taking advantage of some aspects of Rule 66. He also pointed out that the transfer of Rule 66 to other areas might stretch the utility of the rule too far. 

Mackenthun, K. M., Federal Water Pollution Control Admin., Cincinnati, Ohio (Private Communication). 

The Canadian National Air Pollution Surveillance (NAPS) network is one of the major air quality monitoring initiatives in the country. It was established in 1969 as a joint program of the federal and provincial governments to monitor and assess the quality of the ambient air in Canada s urban centers. Air quality data are measured at 319 sites, located in 216 communities in all provinces and territories with the aim of providing the information needed to evaluate air pollution control... 

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