PMMA microfluidic chip

Figure 10.2 Photograph of a PMMA microfluidic chip mounted in a MALDI ion source viewed from (A) the front and (B) the back of the chip.

Figure 10.5 Photograph of the rotating ball inlet and PMMA microfluidic chip in operation.

PMMA microfluidic chip, and three-electrode electrochemical catalytic reaction occurred on the detection system, (b) schematic representation electrode [66]. Source Copyright 2009 Elsevier. 

Figure10.14 Schematicofthe PMMA microfluidic chip, (a) The bioreactor measured 40 mm X 100 im x 100 [xm and the solution of sample and matrix are loaded by syringe pumps. On the end ofthe bioreactor, coaxial tubes were sealed to mix digests with a matrix...

Liu W, Zhang Z, Yang L. Chemiluminescence microfluidic chip fabricated in PMMA for determination of benzoyl peroxide in flour. Food Chem 2006 95 693-8. 

Surfaces of intermediate hydrophobicity, such as PC, PMMA, and protein film, are most commonly used for CE-based microfluidic chips, as... 

Wu N, Zhu Y, Brown S, Oakeshott J, Peat TS, Surjadi R, Easton C, Leech PW, Sexton BA (2009) A PMMA microfluidic droplet platform for in vitro protein expression using crude E. coli S30 extract. Lab Chip 9 3391-3398... 

Glass-Polymer Bonding, Table 2 Surface roughness and waviness of glass chips and PMMA microfluidic scaffolds... 

In a typical microfluidic setting, the most power absorbing material is the liquid sample in the microchannels. The common materials for microfluidic chips are glass, quartz, and thermal plastics such as polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and polycarbonate, which usually have very small absorption as compared to liquid materials. The absorption of the liquid medium increases with its ionic content which increases the conductivity and with the operating frequency. Take water as an example. 

For evaluation of the bonding quality obtained with the different bonding strategies, each approach was subjected to a series of leak tests. The following setup was used for this purpose. The bonded test system consisting of a glass chip bonded to a PMMA microfluidic scaffold was mounted onto an inverted microscope. In an inverted microscope, the objectives are below the observed object allowing easy... 

Borosihcate glass is used for producing microfluidic chips [2], It possessed the necessary chemical stability, optical clarity and could be easily processed with current manufacturing techniques. Current trends point towards the use of polymers [3] such as cyclic-olefin-copolymers (COC) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The reason is that these polymers possess similar or even more superior properties than glass. COCs are particularly favored for their environmental-friendliness and near-glass optical transparency. 

Klank, H., J. P. Kutter, and O. Geschke. C02-laser micromachining and back-end processing for rapid production of PMMA-based microfluidic systems. Lab on a Chip 2, 242-246 (2002). 

Besides acrylics or PMMA, injection molding was also carried out on regular and optical-quality PC chips [187]. Furthermore, three PS plastic plates were injection molded to create the microfluidic channels, which were employed for a biomolecular interaction study. The upper plastic plate with ridge patterns was ultrasonically welded to the middle plate. The middle plate was sealed to the bottom plate with a molded silicone rubber layer [188],... 

The most widely used material for fabrication of microfluidic systems, and hence also microfluidic cell culture chips, is PDMS, which in many systems is utilized in combination with glass. PDMS is fabrication wise well suited for prototyping, whereas it is not in the same degree amenable to mass reproduction. A new emerging trend is, however, fabrication using thermoplastic polymers, such as pol5miethylmethacrylate (PMMA), cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) and polycarbonate (PC), which can be used for... 

FIGURE 33.3 (See color insert following page 810.) (a) Microfluidic PMMA chip for 2-D lEF/SDS-CGE protein separations and (b) pseudo-gel image resulting from a yeast cell lysate separation. 

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