Pleasure

This dictionary puts the pleasure back into word-seeking. Every time you look at a page you get a bonus - a panel telling you everything about a particular word or expression. It is, therefore, a dictionary to be read as well as used for its concise and up-to-date definitions. 

A great deal of tax money is spent in support of fundamental research, and this is often defended as having an intrinsic virtue. To take the present topic as an example, however, the study of just how molecules adsorb and react on a surface is fascinating and challenging, yet the tax-paying public should not be asked merely to support the esoteric pleasures of a privileged few. The public should expect the occasional major practical advance whose benefits more than pay for the overall cost of all research. The benefits in the present case come from the discovery and development of catalytic processes of major importance to an industrial society. 

Acknowledgement. It is a pleasure to thank M. Hochbruck and Ch. Lubich for their helpful comments on the topics of this paper. 

Recrystallisation. The process of purification by recrystallisation is undoubtedly the most frequent operation in practical organic chemistry, and it is one which, when cleanly and efficiently performed, should give great pleasure to the chemist, particularly if the original crude material is in a very impure and filthy condition. Yet no operation is carried out so badly, wastefully (and thoughtlessly) by students in general, not only by elementary students, but often by research students of several years experience. The student who intends later to do advanced work must master the process, for unless he can choose a suitable solvent and then successfully recrystallise often minute quantities of material, he will frequently find his work completely arrested. 

In compiling this book, the author has drawn freely from all sources of information available to him—research notes, original memoirs in scientific journals, reference works on organic chemistry, the numerous text books on practical organic chemistry, and pamphlets of manufac turers of specialised apparatus. Whilst individual acknowledgement cannot obviously be made—in many cases the original source has been lost track of—it is a duty and a pleasure to place on record the debt the writer owes to all these sources. Mention must, however, be made of Organic Syntheses, to which the reader is referred for further details of many of the preparations described in the text. 

Another event that stands out in my memory was the Nobel Lecture I gave before the Swedish Academy of Sciences, chaired by Professor Kerstin Fredga, its President and the leading Swedish space scientist. She is the daughter of the late Arne Fredga, a chemistry professor and long-time member of the Nobel Committee and the Nobel Fonndation. I had known him and visited him in Uppsala years before thus it was even more of a personal pleasure to meet his daughter. The only formal... 

This is a chapter written entirely by a chemist named Rhodium (with guest speaker Osmium ). Rhodium is, as far as Strike is concerned, the world s leading underground scientist. Knowledgeable in nearly every aspect of drug chemistry, this chemist has been the savior for many a person that was lost. Here he has contributed some new reactions for your reading pleasure. Radical stuff that you can bet will become the next wave of synthesis protocol. The rest of this chapter is Rhodium s voice.]... 

Best Synthetic Methods is now 10 years old, is a family of 16 volumes and has been well received by the majority of chemists as a valuable aid in their synthetic endeavours, be they academic or commercial. The focus of the series so far has been on special methods, reagents or techniques. This volume is the first of a new sub-series with a focus on heterocycles and their synthesis. It is amazing the extent to which each heterocyclic type has its own specialized synthetic methodology. Whether the chemist is endeavouring to make a heterocycle by ring synthesis or wishes to introduce specific substituents, it is the intention that this new development will serve their needs in a practical, authoritative, fully illustrative and compact manner. Richard Sundberg is an authority on indole chemistry and it is a pleasure to have such a noted heterocyclist to initiate this venture. 

The aroma of fmit, the taste of candy, and the texture of bread are examples of flavor perception. In each case, physical and chemical stmctures ia these foods stimulate receptors ia the nose and mouth. Impulses from these receptors are then processed iato perceptions of flavor by the brain. Attention, emotion, memory, cognition, and other brain functions combine with these perceptions to cause behavior, eg, a sense of pleasure, a memory, an idea, a fantasy, a purchase. These are psychological processes and as such have all the complexities of the human mind. Flavor characterization attempts to define what causes flavor and to determine if human response to flavor can be predicted. The ways ia which simple flavor active substances, flavorants, produce perceptions are described both ia terms of the physiology, ie, transduction, and psychophysics, ie, dose-response relationships, of flavor (1,2). Progress has been made ia understanding how perceptions of simple flavorants are processed iato hedonic behavior, ie, degree of liking, or concept formation, eg, crispy or umami (savory) (3,4). However, it is unclear how complex mixtures of flavorants are perceived or what behavior they cause. Flavor characterization involves the chemical measurement of iadividual flavorants and the use of sensory tests to determine their impact on behavior. 

The combination of stmctural strength and flotation has stimulated the design of pleasure boats using a foamed-in-place polyurethane between thin skins of high tensUe strength (231). Other ceUular polymers that have been used in considerable quantities for buoyancy appHcations are those produced from polyethylene, poly(vinyl chloride), and certain types of mbber. The susceptibUity of polystyrene foams to attack by certain petroleum products that are likely to come in contact with boats led to the development of foams from copolymers of styrene and acrylonitrUe which are resistant to these materials... 

Epoxy and polyester systems filled with flake glass provide a finish that is tough and resistant to abrasion. One commercial system is filled with copper flakes to provide intrinsic antifouling action. These systems are apphed at a total dry film thickness of about 625 p.m and are used on pleasure boats. 

A nobleman of the Middle Ages derived great pleasure from watching the mowing of his estate. Each month he would summon a mower from the nearby town and would then sit and watch the mowing. This typically took four hours. The nobleman reasoned that if he were to get two mowers, the mowing would be completed in two hours. This he verified the next month. He then reasoned that if he obtained the services of every mower in the country, the mowing would be completed within a matter of three seconds. 

The general plan of this series as set forth in preceding volumes has been followed in the present volume. It is a great pleasure to acknowledge the cordial response of former and new contributors, particularly those in other countries. In this volume twenty-seven of the thirty preparations have been submitted by twenty-three contributors, ten of whom are of foreign countries. 

I am very pleased to have been given the opportunity to contribute a Foreword to this very useful book. It is a particular pleasure for me to do so because all the editors and fifteen of the authors are alumni of my research group at Harvard, where molecular dynamics simulations of biomolecules originated. 

I thank Dr. E. L. Smith for his eomments and suggestions during the preparation of some of the ehapters in the text and wish him a happy retirement. It has been a pleasure to have learned so mueh from him during his tenure at Aston University. 

Special thanks are due to the patience and determination of the contributors who tirelessly prepared drafts and redrafts, attended meetings and more meetings, and reviewed proofs, more proofs, and then the final proofs. It has been a pleasure to work with all members of the professional team at Academic Press toward the common goal of publishing this book on schedule. 

The purpose of the preliminary subcontractor assessment is to select credible subcontractors and not necessarily to select a subcontractor for a specific purchase. There are millions of subcontractors in the world, some of which would be happy to relieve you of your wealth given half a chance, and others that take pride in their service to customers and are a pleasure to have as partners. You need a process for gathering intelligence on potential subcontractors and for eliminating unsuitable subcontractors so that the buyers do not need to go through the whole process from scratch with each purchase. The first step is to establish the type of products and services you require to support your... 

---