Plastifier

Plasmolyse,/. plaamolysia. plasmolytisch, a. plasmolytic. plastlfizieren, v.t. plastlcbse, plastify. Plastifizlermlttel, n. plasticizer. 

The following materials serve as ingredients for foam plastics the polymers, blowing agents, hardeners, plastifiers, lubricants, stabilizers, fillers, and other substances. 

The compositions consist of a heat-plastified mixture of an ethylene homopolymer or copolymer, about 3 to 30 pbw of an elastomer, a stability control agent, which is a partial ester of a long chain fatty acid with a polyol, higher allyl amine, fatty acid amide or olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer, and a hydrocarbon blowing agent having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a boiling point between -175 and 50C. 

Figure 7.2—Examples of separations obtained by gel permeation. Organic compounds of small molecular weights can be separated when the stationary phase has small pores, as in this example. In the chromatogram in the right (polymer plastifiers), toluene is used to measure VM. (Reproduced by permission of Polymer Lab.)...

The membrane of these EPMEs contain 1.2% chiral selector, 65.6% ortho-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE) or dioctylsebacate (DOS) (plastifiant), 0.4% tetrakis([3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]borate) (TKB) in a tetra-hydrofuran solution containing the PVC (32.4% from the membrane composition) [37,42]. A 7-mm diameter circle was cut from the membrane and inserted into a electrode body along with a inner solution containing the enantiomer to be determined in a certain concentration (usually 1CT3 mol/L). 

A.-L. Liu, F.-Y. He, Y.-L. Hu and X.-H. Xia, Plastified poly(ethylene ter-ephthalate) (PET)-toner microfluidic chip by direct-printing integrated with electrochemical detection for pharmaceutical analysis, Talanta, 68 (2006) 1303-1308. 

Compression molding involves the use of preforms (bulk molding compounds, sheets of glass fibers impregnated with the thermoset precursors, etc.) that are placed in a heated mold. When the mold is closed, the plastified preform flows to fill the mold and cure takes place in about 1-2 min. Then, the mold is opened and the final part ejected. 

The foam processing window of the blend systems is also controlled by the glass transition temperature of the blend phases. With regard to the neat blend system, the addition of PS continuously lowers the glass transition temperature of the PPE/PS phase, as predicted by the Couchman equation [77] (Fig. 25). For the carbon dioxide-laden case, the plastifying effect needs to be taken into account, which lowers the glass transition temperature of both PPE/PS and SAN. 

Organophosphorus compounds are also becoming essential as antioxidants of petroleum lubricant oils, as synthetic lubricants and plastifiers for various polymers. Organophosphorus compounds are widely used to obtain substances which do not sustain combustion, because they are highly efficient fire retardants. 

On voit en effet, d aprfes (123b) qu au dessous de Tm le volume libre devient negatif, ce qui est absurde. On peut calculer aisement la concentration critique xc du constituant 1 (un plastifiant par exemple) qui est necessaire pour que T0tX soit egal Tm. On obtient ainsi k partir de (125) ... 

Dans cette expression, T0t a ne depend plus que des parametres du constituant 1 (plastifiant) et de... 

Ces calculs montrent done que l abaissement de T, d un systeme polym re-plastifiant n est pas une fonction continue de la concentration de ce dernier, mais il presente un point singulier lorsque cette concentration atteint une valeur critique xc. La temperature de transition d un tel melange critique est egale i la temperature T, oil le volume libre (de relaxation) du polymere est nul. 

Nous avons porte sur la Fig. 25 la variation de T ainsi calculee pour un polymere standard dont les param tres du volume libre sont /0>2 = 0,025, et A aa = 4,8 10 4 deg-1. Les courbes 1,2 et 3 represented les variations theoriques de T tX lorsque ce corps est plastifie par trois diluants dont les caracteristiques (Tffil et JaJ sont indiquees. dans la legende de cette figure. On voit que la discontinuity est d autant plus notable que la difference T -Tw.t et le rapport A oq/d a2 sont plus grands. 

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 81, No.10, 6th Sept.2001, p.2419-25 CORONA DISCHARGE TREATMENTS OF PLASTIFIED PVC SAMPLES USED IN BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT Dumitrascu N Borcia G Popa G Jassy,Cuza A.I. University... 

Borek, J., Osoba, W. (1995), Free volume in plastified poly(vinyl chlorate . Acta Physica Polociva, A. 88,91. 

The formation and preservation of the uniform cell structure of either the solid polymer or frozen foam depend on the properties of the initial foam, i.e. on its expansion ratio and stability. On the one hand, the former two processes are determined mainly by the rates of drainage and internal foam collapse. On the other hand, however, they are affected by the rate of polymerisation and the increase in strength of the foam material. That is why optimisation of the processing properties of polymer foams can be achieved by decreasing both the rate of microsyneresis and drainage, and the rate of internal foam collapse. Along with that precise control of the rate of solidification, reduction of the water content and introduction of plastifiers are needed. 

In order to reduce the volume stream and to optimize the efficiency of the following processing units the plastics have to be compacted mechanically before heat/pressure treatment starts. Bales of compacted wet plastics reach bulk densities of about 450 kg/ m3, they are put into moulds which will be transported into autoclaves. During the autoclave process plastics are heated and plastified under saturated steam conditions. Autoclave process is within a wide range independent from changing compositions of the plastics. The process temperature (about 170°C) does not provoke decomposition of plastics, used for household packaging materials. Hydrothermal autoclave conditions lead to further compaction and a stable product (bulk density up to 700 kg/m3) of the mixed different kinds of plastics. Fig. 1 shows a compacted plastic block after finishing the autoclave process. 

Extrusion. Round or profiled rods or tubes can be produced by extrusion. The amount of lubricant must be increased and additional plastifiers added. The corresponding recipes are kept secret. 

The ceramic catalyst is a homogeneous mixture of all components. After mixing with binders, plastifiers, and glass fiber the mass is extruded to honey-comb-structured elements, which are dried and calcined (Fig. 10.1). 

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