Plasma blasts

Hauser AE, Debes GF, Arce S et al (2002) Chemotactic responsiveness toward hgands for CXCR3 and CXCR4 is regulated on plasma blasts during the time course of a memory immune response. J Immunol 169 1277-1282... 

MM is a plasma cell malignancy, characterized by accumulation of plasma-blast/plasma cells in the bone marrow. Being of a post germinal origin, MM... 

Arce S, Nawar HF, Muehlinghaus G et al. In vitro induction of immunoglobulin A ( A)- and IgM-secreting plasma blasts by cholera toxin depends on T-ccll help and is mediated by CD154 up-rcgulation and inhibition of gamma interferon synthesis. Infect Immun 2007 75(3] 1413-1423. 

The outcome in multicentric Castleman disease is guarded, and progression to lymphoma, usually non-Hodgkin s lymphoma, can occur in it (101). A plasmablastic lymphoma can develop in patients with a plasma cell variant of multicentric Castleman disease HHV-8 antigen has been detected in plasma-blasts from patients with both of these entities (101). Recently, an antiinterleukin-6 receptor antibody, tocUizumab, has been used to treat successfully a small number of patients (102). 

The seemingly simple question of the relation the characteristics of a mechanically prepared metal surface and adhesion to that surface has sporadically occupied attention for many decades without any very general conclusion being reached [69]. In some recent work, Amada et al. [70,71] grit-blasted a steel substrate, varying the angle between the gun and the specimen surface, and measured the adhesion of a plasma-sprayed alumina coating. They examined profiles of the... 

In Section 4.3 several recently developed and experimental surface preparation methods for steel such as conversion coatings, plasma spray and sol-gel that attempt to simultaneously improve durability and bond strength over grit blasting will be discussed. 

Air blast circuit breakers are insulated by air, and the plasma is extinguished as a blast of compressed air is blown between the contacts. These are less common than the other types and generally are no longer... 

The plasma jet can be cooled rapidly just prior to coming in contact with the substrate by using a blast of cold inert gas fed into an annular fixture. Gaseous boron or phosphorus compounds can be introduced into the gas feed for the deposition of doped-semiconduc-tor diamond. 

The simultaneous splitting and distribution of solids-gas mixtures for applications requiring multipoint injection, where the mixtures are transported usually under positive-pressure conditions. Some common examples include tuyere injection for blast furnaces, large burner nozzles for pulverized coal-fired boilers, small coal-fired plasma torches providing startup and support energy for boilers, injection of pulverized fuel into calciners, etc. 

Imatinib is administered orally and is well absorbed it is highly protein-bound in plasma. The drug is metabolized in the liver, and elimination of metabolites occurs mainly in feces via biliary excretion. This agent is approved for use as first-line therapy in chronic phase CML, in blast crisis, and as second-line therapy for chronic phase CML that has progressed on prior interferon- therapy. Imatinib is effective also for treatment of gastrointestinal stromal tumors expressing the c-kit tyrosine kinase. Dosage and toxicities are listed in Table 55-6. 

In addition to the cellular expression on malignant blast cells in AML, elevated levels of suPAR were found in plasma from leukemia patients [18]. In a longitudinal study, in which patients receiving chemotherapy were monitored, it was demonstrated that the suPAR level in plasma from patients with AML correlated with the number of circulating tumor cells and that these were reduced after chemotherapy. In plasma from AML patients, suPAR(II III) was detected in addition to intact suPAR. This is in contrast to findings in plasma from healthy individuals and from the ovarian cancer patients described above [144]. suPAR(II III) was also present in plasma made from bone marrow aspirates. The other cleaved form, uPAR(I), was only identified in urine. Lysates of the leukemic cells contained both intact uPAR and uPAR(II-III). The amounts of suPAR(II III) in plasma and uPAR(I) in urine were decreased following chemotherapy. In healthy controls, intact uPAR was detected in lysates from mononuclear cells in blood and suPAR(I-III) in plasma and bone marrow aspirates, while suPAR(II-III) was detected in urine [18]. 

The removal of T from thick co-deposits (tens of pm) may require the removal of the co-deposits themselves by chemical and/or plasma-assisted oxidizing reactions in the presence of oxygen, or alternatively, via abra-sive/mechanical techniques, such as pellet blast cleaning. From the extensive laboratory measurements of H/D/T removal rates from co-deposited films during exposure to air or oxygen, three key conclusions can be drawn (i) D release occurs in conjunction with C erosion (ii) D-removal and C-erosion rates depend strongly on film structure and (iii) the D release rate during oxidation is a critical function of the specimen temperature. 

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