Phenotypes cardiac

Gene Viability Mutant phenotype Cell death phenotype Cardiac phenotype References... 

Shaker-channels, eag (ether- -go-go)-channels, slo (slow-poke)-channels were cloned from behavioral Drosophila melanogaster mutants. The channels were named according to the Drosophila mutant phenotype, Shaker, ether-go-go, slow-poke. Subsequently, eag-cDNA was used to clone related voltage-gated potassium channel subunits erg (eag-related) and elk (eag-like). The human erg ortholog (HERG) mediates cardiac DCS. 

Sehl PD et al. Application of cDNA mi-croarays in determining molecular phenotype in cardiac growth, development, and response to injury. Circulation 2000 101 1990-1999. 

While entering SC back in organism after cultivation they are able to get the phenotype of the tissue which they got in. For example, SC become cardiomiocytes when being introduced into the cardiac muscle, neurons or glia cells in the cerebrum, adipocytes when entering the adipose tissue. 

Davis LM, Kanter HL, Beyer EC, Saffitz JE Distinct gap junction protein phenotypes in cardiac tissues with disparate conduction properties. J Am Coll Cardiol 1994 24 1124-1132. 

Another example of a GeMM transgenic model displaying clinical like conditions including cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, and heart failure is the a-myosin heavy chain promoter 11 p-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 transgenic mouse (18). Eplerenone (INSPRA , Pfizer Inc.), a selective aldosterone blocker, was tested in this model and proved to ameliorate the phenotype. This model revealed the deleterious consequences of inappropriate mineralocorticoid receptor activation in the heart and supported the notion that aldosterone blockade may provide additional therapeutic benefit in the treatment of heart failure. 

Bringing molecular approaches to bear on cardiac cell therapy should allow us to better understand when and how cells contribute to the vague process we now call "repair" and thus allow us to design more specific approaches to intervene in the steps involved, The identification of signaling pathways involved in cardiomyocyte differentiation (79) and repair could allow us to predifferentiate cells to a designated atrial, ventricular, or pacemaker phenotype, or even to design small... 

Aplin, M., Christensen, G.L., Schneider, M., Heydorn, A., Gammeltoft, S., Kjolbye, A.L., Sheikh, S.P., and Hansen, J.L. 2007b. Differential extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1 and 2 activation by the angiotensin type 1 receptor supports distinct phenotypes of cardiac myocytes. Basic Res. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 100 296-301. 

Identifying the Cellular and Molecular Events Associated with the Divergent Phenotypes of Cardiac Hypertrophy... 

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