Phenolic-isocyanates

The aerodynamic wheel cover of claim 4, wherein said thermoset adhesives are selected from a group consisting of epoxies, phenolics, isocyanates, cyanoacrylates, acrylics or combinations thereof... 

Phenolic-isocyanates (phenolic-urethanes). The binder is supplied in three parts a phenolic resin in an organic solvent (0.8%), methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI) (0.5%), and a liquid amine catalyst. When mixed with sand, the amine causes a reaction between the resin and the MDI, forming urethane bonds, which rapidly set the mixture. The speed of setting is controlled by the type of catalyst. The optimum cure temperature is 25 to 30°C. Compression strength is typically over 4000kPa (600psi). 

TG-MS is ideally suited to reveal differences in pressure behaviour during thermal decomposition of materials. This has been illustrated by Mol [144] in TG-MS analysis of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and methylene bis-4-phenol isocyanate (MDI)-based polyurethanes, where the observed greater increase in pressure for the TDI polyurethane than for the MDI derivative indicates a higher loss of low molecular weight fragments. This is not possible to deduct from the TG curves alone. Such indications are of great... 

They are produced during thermal impact on a number of plastics, widely spread in everyday life of modem humanity. The basic compounds of the often-produced poisonous gas complexes, provoking toxic aggression on the injured, are as follows carbon oxide, toluol evaporation, phormaldehydes, phenol, isocyanates, hydrocyan, ammonia compounds, chlorine gases etc. 

Asbestos, mineral fibre, resins, acetal styrene, alcohols, phthalates, methyl ethyl ketone, toluene, phenol, isocyanates... 

A great many of outstanding adhesive formulations are based on epoxy resins. A broad spectrum of adhesive formulations with a wide range of available properties have resulted from the use of polymeric hardeners such as polyamides and polyamines, phenolics, isocyanates, alkyds, and combinations of amines with polysulfide elastomers, and the alloying of the epoxy with compatible polymeric film-formers, such as poly(vinyl acetate) and certain elastomers. 

PHENOLIC URETHANE 1. Gas hardened Cold-box 2. Self-setting (phenohc urethane no bake) Amine vapour - low Self-set with substituted pyridine - low Isocyanate (MDI) Amine Formaldehyde Phenol Isocyanates (MDI) Formaldehyde Phenol Odour is frequently a problem - where DMEA is used odours arise and abatement is essential. This may be incineration or gas scrubbing (using sulphuric or phosphoric acids) - the latter gives rise to hquors, which are a special waste. Where TEA is used scmbbing is only required if odour problems arise... 

Polyurethane Vapours of formaldehyde, phenol, isocyanate and aromatic solvents may be emitted because of the vapour pressure of these constituents. As the polymerisation occurs at ambient temperature, the vapour pressures of the components are low and given the consumption rates, the emissions are insignificant. Obnoxious odours may be generated in the moulding area but are not likely to cause external nuisance... 

Cold-box Vapours of formaldehyde, phenol, isocyanate and aromatic solvents are emitted in low quantities, in spite of their low vapour pressures. Aromatic solvent emissions are highest dining purging. The most significant emission is that of amines, which have low odour detection thresholds and can create an external nuisance. Amines are hazardous, with a relatively low exposure value limit, and possess a strong characteristic smell at very low concentrations... 

Polyurethane (phenolic isocyanate) The sand temperature is kept between 15 and 25 C, to maintain process control and to minimise emissions. Best practice is to work with three pumps and to mix the catalyst and the phenolic resin with isocyanate and sand directly in the mixer [202, TWG, 2002]... 

To improve the properties of the epoxy polymers containing phenols, isocyanates, or Schiffs bases as hardeners, some derivatives of titanium... 

The normality (F) of the 1 cm undiluted stock phenol isocyanate solution of 25 1 °C is then given by ... 

Stock phenol isocyanate solution to within the range 1.000 0.005 M by addition of a calculated volume of dry toluene. Mix the 1 cm stock solution well in the thermostatted 25 1°C water bath and recheck the normality of a ten-fold dilution as described above. 

Cold-Box Process. In the cold-box process which takes place at room temperature, a gas catalyst is passed through the sand to promote curing. The catalysts are triethylamine or meth-ylethylamine for phenolic isocyanate binders, sulfur dioxide for vinyl-unsaturated urethane binders, and methyl formate for an alkali metal salt of a phenolic resole binder. Yii -ortho resins have been developed for the phenolic component by using water-free systems and salts of divalent metals as catalysts. A recent patent describes improvements in the two-package phe-... 

---