Amines formaldehyde

Nitromethane Acids, alkylmetal halides, hydroxides, hydrocarbons, organic amines, formaldehyde, nitric acid, perchlorates... 

Pr)4, " borohydride-exchange resin,and formic acid. When the last is used, the process is called the Wallach reaction. Conjugated aldehydes are converted to alkenyl-amines with the amine/silica gel followed by reduction with zinc borohydride.In the particular case where primary or secondary amines are reductively methylated with formaldehyde and formic acid, the method is called the Esch-weiler-Clarke procedure. It is possible to use ammonium (or amine) salts of formic acid, " or formamides, as a substitute for the Wallach conditions. This method is called the Leuckart reaction,and in this case the products obtained are often the N-formyl derivatives of the amines instead of the free amines. Primary and secondary amines can be iV-ethylated (e.g., ArNHR ArNREt) by treatment with NaBH4 in acetic acid. Aldehydes react with aniline in the presence of Mont-morillonite KIO clay and microwaves to give the amine. Formaldehyde with formic acid converts secondary amines to the N-methyl derivative with microwave irradiation. 

Nitrogen triiodide a-Nitroguanidine Nitromethane Acids, bromine, chlorine, hydrogen sulfide, ozone Complex salts of mercury and silver Acids, alkylmetal halides, hydroxides, hydrocarbons, organic amines, formaldehyde, nitric acid, perchlorates... 

Similarly, aminomethyl sulphides (from amines, formaldehyde and mercaptans) react with organolithium compounds to afford amines (equation 40)n°4H... 

This MCR chemistry began in 1850 when the Strecker reaction S-3CR of ammonia, aldehydes, and hydrogen cyanide was introduced. Since 1912 the Mannich reaction M-3CR of secondary amines, formaldehyde, and (3-protonated ketones is used. 

Three-component aminomethylation from amine, formaldehyde and a compound with an acidic methylene moiety. 

Russian chemists have reported the synthesis of A-alkyl-3,4-dinitropyrroles from the cy-clization of primary amines, formaldehyde and the potassium salt of 2,3,3-trinitropropanol. ... 

It should be noted that although these potential substitutes avoid the use of NTA, the process of synthesis using amine, formaldehyde, and cyanide also leads to trace amounts of NTA being formed that have to be removed for some applications. With NTA reclassification in Europe now official, the use of these new variants in applications where historically NTA has been used is accelerating. 

A catalyst and controlled temperature are also needed and, since the amine may not be readily soluble in water or formalin at room temperature, it is necessary to heat it to about 80°C to obtain the methylol compounds for many amine-formaldehyde resins. 

Ion-exchange polymeric resins are the most important types of exchangers currently in use [113-123], The first, totally organic ion-exchange resin was synthesized in 1935 by Adams and Holmer, when they produced a phenol-formaldehyde cation-exchange resin and an amine-formaldehyde anion-exchange resin, both obtained with the help of condensation polymerization reactions [113], In 1944, D Alelio synthesized styrene-based polymeric resins, which could be modified to obtain both cationic- and anionic-exchange resins. The majority of the resins commercially applied currently are of this type, for example, Amberlite IR-20, Lewatit S-100, Permutit Q, Duolite, C-20, Dowex-50, and Nalcite HCR. 

SLE T richloroethylene Silicone Aromatic amines Formaldehyde Hydralazine Procanimide Chlorpromazine Silica Isoniazid Penicillamine... 

Methyleneimmonium salts 31 are conveniently prepared from mcihylene-bis-amines, formaldehyde-N,0-acetals, or methylene halogenides. Electrochemical reactions on various alkylamines have also been used to generate methyleneimmonium salts, and trimethylamine N-oxide 34 (Fig. 20) is reported as a source of the corresponding methyleneimmonium salt by reaction with trifluoroacetic anhydride. ... 

Using the appropriate template cations, macrocycles can be prepared from three different substrates. For example, the complex of copper with multi-dentate amines reacted with formaldehyde and nitromethane or diethyl ma-lonate (not shown) to form a peraza-crown (Comba et al., 1986 Lawrance and O Leary, 1987). The ratio of substrates can vary from 1 2 1 or 1 4 2 (amine formaldehyde activated carbon) depending on reaction conditions... 

Triazene formation can be avoided ab initio by using the JV-(sulfomethyl) derivative instead of the free amine and subsequently hydrolysing off the sulfomethyl group 372 these derivatives are easily obtained from the amine, formaldehyde, and sodium hydrogen sulfite 371... 

The reaction between ammonia (or a primary or secondary amine), formaldehyde and phosphorous acid is only one particular case of the Kabachnik-Medved -Fields reaction, consisting of the aminomethylation of a phosphorus species possessing a reactive P(0)H group, and so is of the Mannich type. The involvement of ammonia leads only to 226 and the intermediate aminomethylphosphonic 227 (R = H) and aminobis(methylene)bisphos-phonic acid 228 (R = H) are not isolable although they are detectable by NMR spectroscopy the sequence can be stopped at the earlier stages if a primary or secondary amine is used The use of a,co-diaminoalkanes leads to complexones of type 229 . Ethanolamine affords the related bis(phosphonic acid) 230 and diethanolamine yields 231 under similar conditions acidolysis of the linear compounds brings about their cyclization... 

The epoxy resins with molecular weights up to 2,000 are soluble in ketones, chlorinated hydrocarbons, alcohol ethers, esters, and aromatic hydrocarbons. They are compatible with many of the synthetic resins such as alkyds, phenolics, and amine-formaldehyde resins. 

Aminomethylation of 7-hydroxycoumarin (110) with a secondary amine, formaldehyde, and acidic alumina gave 111 in 62-100% yields within 1.5 min upon irradiation by MW (Scheme 22) (00SC69). 

The Mannich reaction involving the aminomethylation of electron-rich compounds without any solvent in the presence of acidic alumina under MWI gave good to excellent yields (00SC69). Thus, a mixture of 6-hydroxyquinoline (352) with a secondary amine, formaldehyde, and acidic alumina was irradiated 3 times, each time for 30 s and with 5 min intervals to give the aminomethylated products 353 in 46-98% yields (Scheme 71). 

Bright yellow Ammonia, amines, formaldehyde Amino resins... 

PHENOLIC URETHANE 1. Gas hardened Cold-box 2. Self-setting (phenohc urethane no bake) Amine vapour - low Self-set with substituted pyridine - low Isocyanate (MDI) Amine Formaldehyde Phenol Isocyanates (MDI) Formaldehyde Phenol Odour is frequently a problem - where DMEA is used odours arise and abatement is essential. This may be incineration or gas scrubbing (using sulphuric or phosphoric acids) - the latter gives rise to hquors, which are a special waste. Where TEA is used scmbbing is only required if odour problems arise... 

Typical effective organic pickling inhibitors for steel are quinolinethiodide, o- and p-tolylthiourea, propyl sulfide, diamyl amine, formaldehyde, and p-thiocresol. 

The antimicrobial efficacy of the amine-formaldehyde reaction products essentially corresponds to the formaldehyde content of these compounds. Known exceptions are HTA, hexahydro-oxadiazines and octahydro-s-tetrazines, which derive from ammonia respectively certain alkylolhydrazines (Paulus, 1980) here the detection of formaldehyde by the Taimenbaum methods gives a negative result, which means that these substances have no significant antimicrobial effect at neutral to alkaline pH they release formaldehyde in acidic media only. This pH dependency is broken off, if, for example, HTA is quatemized (Jacobs et al., 1916). In contrast to HTA the quaternary hexaminium salts release formaldehyde widely independent of pH and therefore may be used as preservatives also for media of neutral to alkaline pH. They are not comparable with the surface active conventional quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs see Section 16.1)... 

Sodium iminodisuccinate belongs to the aminocarboxylate class of chelating agents. Nearly all anoinocarboxylates in use today are acetic acid derivatives produced from amines, formaldehyde, sodium hydroxide, and hydrogen cyanide. The industrial use of thousands of tons of hydrogen cyanide is an extreme toxicity hazard. In contrast, sodium iminodisuccinate is produced from maleic anhydride (a raw material also produced by Bayer), water, sodium hydroxide, and ammonia. The only solvent used in the production process is water, and the only side product formed—ammonia dissolved in water—is recycled back into sodium iminodisuccinate production or used in other Bayer processes. 

Other routes construct the heterocycle in a one-pot reaction (routes B, C). 1-Substituted imidazoles are formed when an aqueous solution of glyoxal is treated with alkyl amine, formaldehyde, and ammonium salt (route B). The reaction proceeds in acidic media [26]. When 2equiv of the primary amine... 

It will be noted that formation of the dipolar species 89 requires two hydroxide ions, so it is not too surprising that the reaction takes a totally different course in dilute base. Here the products are tetramethyl-oxamide (73), bis(dimethylamino)methane (75), cation 76, dimethyl-amine, formaldehyde, and 1 With the exception of the last two, these products were also obtained in the reaction of dication 50 with aqueous sodium peroxide (see section III.B.5), and their formation may be rationahzed in the same manner. The identification of formaldehyde and 1 in this experiment supports Urry and Sheeto s interpretation of the peroxide reaction. Both products were proposed in this scheme, but both were shown to be oxidized rapidly by aqueous sodium peroxide. 

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