Pharmaceuticals Germany

Ostrovsky G. 2008. Biodegradable Polymers Deliver Pharmaceuticals to Diseased Cells. Intertek Pharmaceutical, Germany. 

Vitamin A is manufactured by Hoffmaim-La Roche (Switzerland), BASF (Germany), and Rhc ne-Poulenc (France), as well as by some smaller suppliers in India, China, and Russia. The worldwide production is estimated to be 2500 to 3000 metric tons. About three-quarters of this production is for animal feed the remainder is for food fortification and pharmaceuticals (qv). The main trade names of feed products are Rovimix, Lutavit, and Microvit. Prices depend on appHcation forms and are approximately 60— 70/10 lU retinol (1995) ie, 200— 233/10 RE. One lU is equivalent to 0.300 )lg of aH-Zra/ j -retinol and 1 RE is equivalent to 1 ) g of all-retinol. 

Mono- and dichlorotoluenes ate used chiefly as chemical iatermediates ia the manufacture of pesticides, dyestuffs, pharmaceuticals, and peroxides, and as solvents. Total annual production was limited prior to 1960 but has expanded greatly siace that time. Chlorinated toluenes ate produced ia the United States, Germany, Japan, and Italy. Siace the number of manufacturers is small and much of the production is utilised captively, statistics covering production quantities ate not available. Worldwide annual production of o- and -chlorotoluene is estimated at several tens of thousands of metric tons. Yearly productions of polychlorotoluene ate ia the range of 100—1000 tons. 

All main aspects of analytical and bioanalytical sciences is covered by the conference program. AC CA-05 consists of 12 invited lectures and seven symposia General Aspects of Analytical Chemistry, Analytical Methods, Objects of the Analysis,. Sensors and Tests, Separation and Pre-concentration, Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis, History and Methodology of Analytical Chemistry. Conference program includes two special symposia Memorial one, dedicated to Anatoly Babko and Analytical Russian-Germany-Ukrainian symposium (ARGUS-9). 

Sithean Corporation, 248 SK Chemicals, 201 SK Corporation, 201 SK Evertec Co. Ltd., 201 SKW GmbH, See Degussa AG (Germany), 166 Sloss hidustries Corporation, 248 Slovak Envu-omiiental Agency (SAZP), 284 Slovakia Association of Chemical and Pharmaceutical hidustry (ZCHFP), 263... 

R)- and (S)-2-I Iydroxy-1.2,2-triphenylcthyl acetate are commercially available from Merck, Darmstadt, Germany and from Newport Pharmaceuticals, Ireland. The (R)-enantiomer is also available from Fluka and Chiron. 

Pharmaceutical Biology and Microbiology, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany... 

Temes TA, Bonerz M, Herrmann N, Teiser B, Andersen HR (2007) Irrigation of treated wastewater in Braunschweig, Germany an option to remove pharmaceuticals and musk fragrances. Chemosphere 66 894-904... 

While Nicolas Leblanc and his washing soda helped start the bulk chemical industry, Perkin s mauve spawned the world s dye and pharmaceutical drug industries. His synthetic dye was the first in a cascade of colors that institutionalized scientific research, professionalized chemists, changed the economies of vast regions, and helped make turn-of-the-century Germany the world s leading industrial power. Perkin was an ado-... 

Runge F, Zwissler GK, End L, Schweikert L, and Horn D. 2001. Use of solubilized carotenoid for coloring food and pharmaceutical preparations, BASF, Germany. EP 848913. 

Pharmaceuticals) Ethinyl oestradiol, paracetamol, aspirin, dextropropoxyphene, clofibrate and oxytetracycline Aire river (UK), Lambro river (Italy) and Rur river (Germany) Surface water - Product consumption - Worst-case influent - Excreted post-metabolism - WWTP removal - River water die-away [50]... 

Yet public pharmaceutical expenditure per capita is lower in Spain than in many OECD countries. In 2001 public spending on pharmaceuticals stood at US 251 per person, less than in countries such as France (US 354) Germany (US 284), Japan (US 269) and Luxembourg (US 268 in 2000). 

Germany None. Elat rate of co-payment for the first 14 days per year of hospitalization, after which there is no cost sharing of any sort Variable co-payment. RP system. No coverage is applied to those pharmaceuticals on public financing negative lists... 

In order to determine whether or not the growth in pharmaceutical expenditure entails an increase in the price of the resources used in health production, the important factor to determine is the significance or otherwise of the innovation and its marginal contribution to health production. The large number of new products in some markets, such as Spain, Italy and Germany that provide a very small degree of innovation may constitute an indication of increasing prices rather than an increase in value (contribution to the improvement of health status and welfare). 

Method The authors use information on all non-hospital sales of pharmaceutical products in 1992 in a sample of countries consisting of the USA, Canada, Germany, France, Italy, Japan and the UK. The database was provided by Intercontinental Medical Systems (IMS). The empirical analysis is based on the calculation of the Paasche and Laspeyres price indexes and the ratio between them. The descriptive analysis is completed with the econometric analysis (quasi-hedonic model) of the determining factors of the variation in the relative prices of each active ingredient in each country taking the USA as the point of comparison. 

Although this measure was first introduced in Germany in 1989, constraints on public drag spending and the creation of incentives for cheaper alternatives are not new to cost containment policies, especially in public health systems. Several forms of public financing of pharmaceuticals based on comparison (yardstick competition) have been used in some countries by public and private insurers. Public financing mechanisms that pursue a similar strategy to that of RP include the maximum allowable cost (MAC) applied by the... 

For example, the pharmaceutical companies lowered their prices significantly in Germany when this country pioneered reference pricing in 1989.4... 

FOSCAN was developed by Scotia Pharmaceuticals Ltd (Stirling, UK) the commercial interest in it was acquired in 2002 by Biolitec AG (Jena, Germany), www.biolitec.com. 

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