Personality, performance-influencing factors

At the next organizational level are factors directly causing error 1) job characteristics such o Complexity, time stress, noise, lighting, environment, or mental requirements, and 2) individual factors such as personality, and team performance. These, collectively, are called performance-influencing factors, or PIFs. 

Factors that directly affect error causation are located at the next level. These factors, which include the characteristics of the job performed by the worker (complexity, mental versus physical demands, etc.) and individual factors such as personality and team performance factors, are collectively performance-influencing factors, or PIFs. 

Many of the person-based PSFs are unobservable becanse they cover internal states. Because of the difficulty of observing a person s internal characteristics, it is necessary to include behavioral indicators in lieu of actual PSFs. The way the person prioritizes information may affect the state of the situation, but it is not an influencing factor on that person s current performance. However, the way the person prioritizes information is an indicator of aspects of the personal... 

Physical Activity (Work) and Other External Influence Factors. Usually a distinction is made between pulse rate at rest and pulse rate under physical (work) stress. The work pulse frequency depends on the time and level of work stress as well as the degree of fitness of the person performing the work. Pulse frequency for permanent work is that which at a prolonged uniform level of work will remain fairly constant. Up to that state of equilibrium (steady state) there is almost a linear relationship between pulse frequency and oxygen intake. Beyond the steady state, pulse frequency will increase until complete exhaustion sets in (Figure 6.12). The permanent performance limit for physical work is reached at that point in time when, at a maximum work load, the pulse frequency does not rise any further. 

Swain s checklist on performance-shaping factors has had great influence. The ILCI checklist on basic causes, for example, includes many of its items in the part covering personal factors. It is in wide use in industry in accident... 

The variability of human performance is reflected by individual differences of skill, experience, motivation, and other personal characteristics of work force. There can be a wide range of specific environmental situations and other physical aspects of the tasks to be performed. Only some of this variation regarding the performance-shaping factors is accounted for in HEP s by provision of different estimates of HEP s for different sets of influencing factors such as experience of the operator, level of stress, and ergonomic layout. 

There are several possible factors leading to undesirable safety performance, including employee background, peer influence, and company environment. Although no two employees will necessarily respond in a like manner to the same stimulus, motivational theories attempt to apply what has been learned about a few to the whole population. What works for one won t necessarily work for another, because each person has different needs therefore, it is important to understand each employee and his or her needs. 

The increased popularity of safety perception surveys in industry reflects an increased awareness of how perceptions impact safety performance. These surveys can help pinpoint issues that need attention and activities in need of an intervention. They also can be used to assess the person factors influenced by a particular intervention program. 

If you have a conversation with the finance department or on Wall Street, you will hear different views of what value means. The definition of value from a finance person would include, of course, money. Within this book, we will begin to understand different perspectives on what value means and show how supply chain management and operations affect an organization s financial performance. In the next chapter, we will discuss the monetary value of a firm in greater depth, but for now, taken together, firm value includes ROIC, growth rate, and cost of capital. It is incredibly beneficial for supply chain professionals to understand how these factors are affected by supply chain activities. In the end, you will not only know how operational metrics are affected by your decisions but you will also grasp how financial metrics are influenced by your decisions. 

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