Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene

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Lemberger T, Saladin R, Vazquez M, et al. Expression of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene is stimulated by stress and follows a diurnal rhythm. J Biol Chem 1996 271 1764-1769. 

Pineda, T. I., Claudel, T., Duval, C., Kosykh, V., Fruchart, J. C., and Staels, B. (2003) Bile acids induce the expression of the human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha gene via activation of the farnesoid X receptor. Mol. Endocrinol. 17, 259-272. 

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Fruchart JC, Duriez P, Staels B. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha activators regulate genes governing lipoprotein metabolism, vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis. Curr Opin Lipidol 1999 10 245-257. 

Motojima, K., Passilly, R, Peters, J.M., Gonzalez, F.J. Latruffe, N. (1998) Expression of putative fatty acid transporter genes are regulated by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gatmna activators in a tissue- and inducer-specific manner. J. biol. Chem., 273, 16710-16714... 

Hasmall SC, James NH, Macdonald N, et al. 2000. Species differences in response to diethylhexylphthalate suppression of apoptosis, induction of DNA synthesis and peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha-mediated gene expression. Arch Toxicol 74 85-91. 

Kliewer, S. A., Sundseth, S. S., Jones, S. A., Brown, P J., Wisely, G. B., Koble, C. S., Devchand, P., Wahli, W., Willson, T. M., Lenhard, J. M., and Lehmann,J. M. (1997). Fatty Acids and Eicosanoids Regulate Gene Expression Through Direct Interactions with Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors Alpha and Gamma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 94, 4318-4323. 

Kliewer SA, et al. Patty acids and eicosanoids regulate gene ex- 93. pression through direct interactions with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha and gamma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 

P. Razeghi, M. E. Young, S. Abbasi, and H. Taegtmeyer, Hypoxia in vivo decreases peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-regulated gene expression in rat heart, Biochem Biophys Res Commun 287,5-10(2001). 

Yamazaki K, Kuromitsu J, Tanaka I (2002) Microarray analysis of gene expression changes in mouse liver induced by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonists. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 290 1114-1122... 

Anderson, S. R, Howroyd, P., Liu, J., Qian, X., Bahnemann, R., Swanson, C., Kwak, M. K., Kensler, T. W., and Corton, J. C. (2004b). The transcriptional response to a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha agonist includes increased expression of proteome maintenance genes. J Biot Chem 279, 52390-52398. 

Jia, Y, Qi, C., Zhang, Z., Hashimoto, T., Rao, M. S., Huyghe, S., Suzuki, Y, Van Veldhoven, P. P., Baes, M., and Reddy, J. K. (2003). Overexpression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPARalpha)-regulated genes in liver in the absence of peroxisome proliferation in mice deficient in both L- and D-forms of enoyl-CoA hydratase/dehydrogenase enzymes of peroxisomal beta-oxidation system. J Biol Chem 278, 47232-47239. 

Yamakawa-Kobayashi, K., Ishiguro, H., Arinami, T, Miyazaki, R., and Hamaguchi, H. (2002). A Val227Ala polymorphism in the peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha (RRARalpha) gene is associated with variations in semm lipid levels. J Med Genet 39, 189-191. 

Aouabdi, S., Gibson, G., and Plant, N. (2006) Transcriptional regulation of the PXR gene identification and characterization of a functional peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha binding site within the proximal promoter of PXR. Drug Metab. Dispos. 34, 138-144. 

Fang, H. L., Strom, S. C., Cai, H., Falany, C. N., Kocarek, T. A., and Runge-Morris, M. (2005) Regulation of human hepatic hydroxysteroid sulfotransferase gene expression by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha transcription factor. Mol. Pharmacol. 67, 1257-1267. 

A9 enzyme is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha and gamma target gene. J. Biol. Chem. 278, 13975-13983. 

Jung, D., Fried, M., and Kullak-Ublick, G. A. (2002) Human apical sodium-dependent bile salt transporter gene (SLC10 A2) is regulated by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha. J. Biol. Chem. 277, 30559-30566. 

Patel, D. D Knight, B. L Soutar, A. K Gibbons, G. F and Wade, D. P. (2000) The effect of peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor-alpha on the activity of the cholesterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase gene. Biochem. J. 351 (Pt. 3), 747-753. 

Patsouris, D., Reddy, J. K., Muller, M., and Kersten, S. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha mediates the effects of high-fat diet on hepatic gene expression. Endocrinology 147 (2006) 1508-1516. 

Peters, J. M., Park, Y., Gonzalez, F. J., and Pariza, M. W. Influence of conjugated linoleic acid on body composition and target gene expression in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha-null mice. Biochim Biophys Acta 1533 (2001) 233-242. 

Woifrum, C., Borrmann, C. M., Borchers, T., and Spener, F. Fatty acids and hypolipidemic drugs regulate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha - and gamma-mediated gene expression via liver fatty acid binding protein a signaling path to the nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98 (2001) 2323-2328. 

N. Latruffe, A.V Yeldandi, M.S. Rao et al. (2001). Identification of novel peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) target genes in mouse liver using cDNA microarray analysis. Gene Expr. 9, 291-304. 

A. Mechanism and Effects Fibric acid derivatives (eg, gemfibrozil, fenofibrate, clofibrate) are ligands for the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-a) protein, a receptor that regulates transcription of genes involved in lipid metabolism. Tbis interaction with PPAR-a results in increased activity of lipoprotein lipase and enhanced clearance of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (Figure 35-2). Cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver is seeondarily reduced. The fibrates reduce serum triglyceride concentrations (Table 35-3). There may be a small reduction in LDL cholesterol and a small increase in HDL levels. 

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