Thermogravimetric analyzers

The catalytic degradation of polypropylene was carried out over ferrierite catalyst using a thermogravimetric analyzer as well as a fixed bed batch reactor. The activation of reaction was lowered by adding ferrierite catalyst, which was similar with that from ZSM-5. Ferrierite produced less gaseous products than HZSM-5, where the yields of i-butene and olefin over ferrierite were higher than that over HZSM-5. In the case of liquid product, main product over ferrierite is C5 hydrocarbon, while products were distributed over mainly C7-C9 over HZSM-5. Ferrierite showed excellent catalytic stability for polypropylene degradation. 

Thermal Properties. The glass transition temperature (Tg) and the decomposition temperature (Td) were measured with a DuPont 910 Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) calibrated with indium. The standard heating rate for all polymers was 10 °C/min. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed on a DuPont 951 Thermogravimetric Analyzer at a heating rate of 20 °C/min. 

A DuPont 910 differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) and a DuPont 951 thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) connected to a DuPont 1090 thermal analyzer 3ftre used to study the transition data, thermal stability, and char yield, respectively, for all the polymers. The DSC was run under a nitrogen stream at a flow rate of 80 c.c./min. and at a heating rate of 20°C/min.. 

Figure 9 shows the TG thermogram of griseofulvin obtained with a DuPont Model 950 Thermogravimetric Analyzer. The thermogram shows no weight loss from ambient to about 200°C followed by weight loss due to sublimation. 

The pH values of quenched autoclave contents are recorded prior to dilution with water for product recovery. Thermogravimetric analyses (T6A) were performed in air on a DuPont 951 thermogravimetric analyzer. A Siemens 12 X-ray diffractometer was used to collect X-ray powder diffraction data with CuKa radiation. Magic angle spinning P NMR spectra were recorded on a Bruker MSL 300 spectrometer. The P NMR spectra were taken at a frequency of 121.496 MHz and a spinning rate of 3-5 kHz. Chemical shifts are reported relative to 85 wt% H3PO4. 

A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), Dupont Instrument, Model DSC2910, was used to determine the glass transition temperatures. Thermo-gravimetric analyses were carried on a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), TA Instruments, Model Hi-Res TGA 2950. 

Thermogravimetric analyzer unit, data acquisition system with a printer or plotter... 

A Dupont Thermogravimetric Analyzer was used to obtains thermograms of the products. A heating rate of 20 degrees per minute and a gas flow rate of 70 ml/min was used. 

Figure k. Schematic diagram of thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) assembly. 

Fig 1 97 3 Scheme and photograph of a thermogravimetric analyzer (Shimadzu TGA50) (Steris, Hiirth, Germany)... 

TGA analysis was carried out on a Perkin-Elmer Thermogravimetric analyzer, model TGS-2 at a heating rate of 10°min. 

TG analysis of pantoprazole sodium was conducted obtained using a TA Instruments model 951 thermogravimetric analyzer system, calibrated using indium. The thermograms were carried out at a heating rate of 10°C/min, the sample size used ranged 5 to 10 mg, and the samples were heated over a temperature range of 50°C to 400°C. 

Analysis. The percent solids of each of the latexes was measured using a DuPont Model 950 Thermogravimetric Analyzer. Solution densities were determined using a Parr Mettler Model DMA-60 precision densitometer. The particle density was calculated from the solution density and the percent solids. 

A Fisher thermogravimetric analyzer equipped with a 2 cm diameter quartz reactor was used for this study. The reactor was surrounded by an electric tubular furnace, a catalyst sample was placed in a platinum sample basket inside the quartz reactor. 

Temperature calibration of a thermogravimetric analyzer is more complicated than with other thermoanalytical devices, since in most designs, the thermocouple junction cannot be in contact with the specimen or its container. Beyond gas flow shielding problems, temperature differences between the specimen and thermocouple junction can be exacerbated by a vacuum atmosphere in which there is no conductive medium for heat transfer and thus temperature equilibration. Even if both the specimen and thermocouple junction are exposed to the same heat flow at a given time, the specimen has a much higher total heat capacity hence, the specimen will lag the thermocouple junction in temperature. 

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