Peritonal exudate cells

Immunological tests were performed for studying the reactive of peritoneal-exudative cells, especially peritonial macrophages, which are the main effector cells involved in natural resistance (host defence system) against bacterial infection. 

Bioassay for metabolic activity (glycolytic and acid phosphatase activity) of peritoneal-exudative cells after treatment with polysaccharide practions. 

Immunological tests indicated that fraction 1, obtaned by gel chromatography had an immunostimulating activity. It induced migration of peritoneal-exudative cells, respectively peritoneal macrophages into the peritoneal cavity of experimental animals. These cells are with high bactericidic metabolitic activity. 

Kerkvliet, N. and Oughton, J., Acute inflammatory response to sheep red blood cell challenge in mice treated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlordibenzo-p-dioxin Phenotypic and functional analysis of peritoneal exudate cells, Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol., 119, 248, 1993. 

Onyewotu, I. I., Holborow, E. J., and Johnson, G. D., Detection and radioassay of soluble circulating immune complexes using guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells. Nature (London) 248, 156-159 (1974). 

Kaku et al. (199) studied the interaction of GLA with soy protein and casein in mediating immune response and LTB4 production by rat peritoneal exudates cells. They observed that dietary borage oil reduced production of LTB4 from the peritoneal exudates cells and the effect was stimulated by soy protein but not by casein. This study suggests that soy protein, but not casein, may stimulate anti-inflammatory action of GLA-rich oils. 

More recently Kajimura et al. reports a defensive effect of AR in young mice (5-12 weeks), including its protective effect against Japanese encephalitis virus infection, the enhancement of antibody production by mouse spleen cells, and a beneficial effect on the function of peritoneal exudate cells [160,161]. In this studies two polysaccharides (F-8 and F-9), isolated from the crude polysaccharides AR fraction, enhance the IgM antibody production in aged mice by oral administration. 

In vitro, MDP was reported to inhibit the migration of guinea pig peritoneal exudate cells without exerting cytotoxicity.38>59 adjuvant-... 

Peritoneal exudate cells were removed and tested 7 days after i.p. injection of pyran polymers at 25 mg/kg for cytotoxicity against Lewis lung and secondary mouse embryo cells. 

The hybridoma success rate can be increased by the inclusion of feeder cells (Fazekas de St. Groth and Scheidegger, 1980 Miner et al., 1981), e.g., mineral oil-induced peritoneal exudate cells, which enhance the survival of hybrid cells early after fusion, perhaps... 

A sample of poly (2,2-diraethyl-4,7-dihydro-l,3-dioxepin-alt-maleic anhydride) polymers was fractionated and briefly examined for antiviral properties (31). The copolymer was fractionated through Amicon filters into a 1,000-10,000 and 10,000-30,000 molecular weight cuts. Both molecular weight fractions were examined for effect against mice inoculated (ip) with 106 Ehrlich Ascites tumor cells. Five days after inoculation the animals were sacrificed and total peritoneal exudate cells were counted with a hemo-cytometer. Under these conditions, Ottenbrite (31) showed that the 1,000-10,000 molecular weight fraction of the ID-MA copolymer was as effective as Pyran (control in experiment) for control of Ehrlich Ascites tumor cells. Pyran, the copolymer of divinyl ether-MA is a well known antitumor agent (32) and interferon inducer (33). 

Iida et al. (1987) and Nishimura et al. (1984) have reported that if chitin is partially deacetylated, especially at 70%, it has the ability to stimulate nonspecific host resistance against E. coli and Sendai virus infection in mice. Meanwhile, chitin and chitosan have the ability to increase the number of mouse peritoneal exudate cells that generate reactive oxygen intermediates and then display candidacidal activities (Suzuki et al., 1984). Suzuki et al. (1986) reported that chitin hexamer (GlcNAc)6 had a strong candidacidal activity. 

Suzuki, K., Tokoro, A., Okawa, Y., Suzuki, S., and Suzuki, M. 1985. Enhancing effects of A-acetyl chitoligosaccharides on the active oxygen-generating and microbicidal activities of peritoneal exudates cells in mice. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 33, 886-888. 

Fig. 1. Prostaglandin (PG)E2 and leukotriene (LT)B4 secretion of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated peritoneal exudated cells are affected by the quantity of dietary fat. Peritoneal exudate cells with a concentration of 1.5 X 10 cells/mL were cultured with RPMI 1640 medium in the absence or presence of 5 pg/mL LPS and incubated for 24 h.

LPS-stimulated peritoneal exudate cells also tended to be lowered by vitamin E supplementation (P = 0.815). Therefore, these results suggest that PGE2 secretions were significantly increased by oxidized frying oil and decreased by vitamin E supplementation P < 0.05 by two-way ANOVA). 

The effect of the n-3/n-6 fatty acid ratio in the diet on this animal model was also investigated. Mice were fed equal amounts of fat with different amounts of fresh soybean oil and fish oil to obtain n-3/n-6 ratios ranging from 0.13 to 11.7 in the diets. The composition of fatty acids shows that n-3/n-6 ratios in liver were increased only from 0.16 to 3.08. However, increasing fish intake increased the level of n-3 fatty acids, but decreased those of 18 ln-9,18 2n-6,20 4n-6 fatty acids (Table 3). Therefore, the secretion of PGE2, LTB and LTC from peritoneal exudate cells stimulated by... 

Freund s adjuvant (1.4-140 pl/25x 10 peritoneal exudate cells of mice) induced a significant activation of phosphoUpase A (Munder et al. 1973). 

The phospholipase Aj inhibitor dibromoaceto-phenone, the anti-inflammatory steroid fluocino-lone acetonide or the lipoxygenase inhibitor nordi-hydroguiaretic acid just prior to intraperitoneal injection of 100 ng 12-0-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate into unmanipulated CD-I female mice resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in the number of peritoneal exudate cells producing superoxide anion radical as assessed by the reduction of nitro-blue tetrazolium, while the cycloxygenase inhibitor indomethacin had no effect on the number of formazan-positive peritoneal exudate cells caused by PMA treatment (Czerniecki and Witz 1989). 

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