Perfume occurrence

In the past perfumes were made using flower and herb extracts and natural animal musk. These were very expensive and only used at special occasions. Nowadays perfume is 95 percent petrochemical substances (chemicals extracted from petroleum) and is much less expensive than the original rose water of yore, thus its use has become an everyday occurrence. Modern perfume can consist of hundreds of separate ingredients, and not all of these are tested for their effects upon health. Some ingredients could be toxic at certain dosage levels. Yet many still don t believe this, as if perfume is still just innocent natural extracts. 

Aroma chemicals, fragrance chemicals. Name for natural or synthetic organic compounds used, on account of the usually pleasant odors, in the manufacture of perfumes and perfumed products. The fIavor compounds are distinguished from aroma chemicals by their occurrence and use in foods The term odorant chemical applies generally to conmounds that can be detected using the sense of smell. The term fragrance chemicals is used, except for aroma chemicals, also for odor complexes, e.g., the absolutes and essential oils used in the perfume indust. For the physiology of the sense of smell, see Zif. . 

C17H30O, Mr 250.42. Crystals with a sweet animalish, musk-like odor mp. 31-32°C, bp. 103 °C (6.7 Pa), soluble in alcohol and other organic solvents. Occurrence In civet (ca. 3%) together with other macrocyclic ketones. Recognized as the component responsible for the civet odor in 1915 by Sack, structure elucidation in 1926 by Ruzicka, for synthesis, see C. is used in fine perfumes for a flxating musk-like odor. 

Occurrence (- )-L. in Brazilian rosewood oil (Brazilian linaloe oil , Anita rosaeodora, Lauraceae) 80-85% (+)-L. (coriandrol) in coriander oil (60- 80%) and in Mexican linaloe oil Bursera del-pechiana=B. penicillata, Burseraceae) 60-65%. L. also occurs bound to various carboxylic acids, e.g., linalyl acetate (3-acetoxy-3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-diene, C,2H2o02, Mr 196.29). The linalyl esters are synthesized from L. since they have various plications in perfumery. For synthesis of L., see Lir.. L. and L. esters are used in the perfume industry and for the synthesis of tocopherols. 

Acyclic monoterpenes geraniol in essential oils, perfume products and luxury foods, production from other terpene products, e.g. beta-pinene acyclic, double unsaturated alcohol, several possible reactions, occurrence as esters, typicjd rose odor... 

Solvent-induced allergies can occur at a variety of working sites, e.g., in shoe factories, in electronic industries, in synthetic chemical industries, in metal industries or in perfume and potter industries (oil of turpentine and other solvents). Similar occurrence of solvents can be found in consumer products, e.g., in nail polishes (e.g., toluene). Allergic solvent substances are listed in various catalogues and databases. 

Occurrence and Function. Structures of over 5,000 naturally occurring T. are known. Hiey occur in all living forms, but biological functions are known for only a few. Carotenoids are important as accessory photosynthetic pigments, and several groups of T. act as hormones in plants, insects and higher animals. Many pheromones are T.Some T. are also important in medicine and as raw materials in the industrial preparation of foods, perfumes, varnishes and rubber. 

In various studies, the relevance of positive patch-test reactions to the mix has been investigated (San-tucci et al. 1987 Frosch et al. 1995b Marks et al. 1995 Johansen et al. 1996). However, criteria were often not provided. In cases with concomitant positive reactions to perfumes or fragranced products used by the patient, interpretation of the reaction as relevant may be quite easy. Often, however, relevance may (correctly or incorrectly) only be assumed, as the role of fragrances likely cannot be excluded because of the ubiquitous occurrence of fragrances and multiple possible exposure moments from indirect contact, airborne exposure, inhalation or ingestion (flavors, spices). 

Goodfield and Saihan (1988) found a 44% prevalence of sensitivity to one or more fragrances in 35 coal miners, compared with 22% in male and 17% in female non-miner controls. The high frequency was attributed to the use of a highly perfumed body lotion provided at the pit-head bath, and to the facilitation of contact sensitisation due to the frequent occurrence of irritant dermatitis from working in the coal-mines (Goodfield and Saihan 1988). 

Uses a photographic developer for color movie film in perfumes in flavor industries in pharmaceuticals as a bacteriostatic in cosmetics, ointments, emulsions, textiles, sheet plastics and inks as a solvent for dyestuffs, cellulose esters, cellulose acetate, casein, gelatin, waxes and shellac an intermediate for benzyl esters and ethers as a surfactant an insect repellent local anesthetic preservative in radiopharmaceuticals preservative in sterile solutions for intramuscular or intravenous use in heat-sealing polyethylene films in dyeing nylon filament in microscopy as an embedding material some perfumery uses (enhancer cacao white rose fixer Hyacinth jacinthe) natural occurrence (tea). In veterinary medicine, it has been used for relief from pruritus it once was used as an antiseptic... 

Uses organic solvent for perfumes some perfumery uses (Chloe Anais Anais Estee plum lily) organic synthesis pharmaceuticals tanning creams and lotions natural occurrence Dianthus caryophyllus L.) A... 

Uses component in perfumed cosmetic products and deodorants some perfumery uses (cinnamon daffodil hyacinth jasmine) natural occurrence (cinnamon)... 

Uses common ingredient in perfumes for household products like deodorizers, detergents, and soap flavor in toothpaste, sweets, ice cream, soft drinks, chewing gums, and cakes in balsam of Tolu and Peru, hyacinth plant, spices, cinnamon, Ceylon and cassia oil some perfumery uses (Canoe hyacinth bubblegum Balsam Cassia) natural occurrence (cinnamon)... 

Synonyms 2-methoxy-4-(i-propenyl) phenol 2-methoxy-4-propenylphenol 4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-i-propenylbenzene 4-propenyl-2-methoxyphenol 4-propenylguaiacol i-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-propenyl-(czs)benzene i-hydroxy-2-methoxy-4-propen-i-yl benzene Uses manufacture of vanillin perfumes flavoring fragrance in perfumery, over-the-counter medicines, dental materials, foods some perfumery uses (soap gardenia coffee abronea tuberose jonquil) natural occurrence (nutmeg oil)... 

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