Peptic ulcer medication

Diuretics, by increasing kidney output, deplete calcium, magnesium, potassium, and zinc. This, in turn, depletes energy and lowers immune function. Over-the-counter antacids, as well as the peptic ulcer medication cimetidine, reduce iron and calcium assimilation, vitamin Bj , and intrinsic factor (without which Bi2 can t be absorbed). Drugs prescribed for heart disease reduce libido, and some of them render men impotent. 

The xanHiine derivatives are contraindicated in Hiose wiHi known hypersensitivity, peptic ulcers, seizure disorders (unless well controlled with appropriate anticonvulsant medication), serious uncontrolled arrhytinnias, and hyperthyroidism. 

Specific anticholinergic drug are occasionally used in die medical treatment of peptic ulcer. These drug have been largely replaced by histamine H2 antagonists, which appear to be more effective and have fewer adverse drug reactions. 

Willow bark (weidenrinde, white willow, purple osier willow, crack willow) S lixalba, purpurea, fragilis Analgesic Adverse reactions are those associated with the salicylates Do not use with aspirin or other NSAIDs. Do not use in patients with peptic ulcers and other medical conditions in which the salicylates are contraindicated. 

NSAIDs are one of the most widely used classes of medications in the United States, particularly in the elderly.4 More than 20,000 deaths occur in the United States per year as a direct result of adverse events related to NSAID use. Chronic NSAID ingestion leads to symptoms of nausea and dyspepsia in nearly half of patients. Peptic ulceration occurs in up to 30% of patients who use NSAIDs chronically, with gastrointestinal bleeding or perforation occurring in 1.5% of patients who develop an ulcer. NSAID-related peptic ulcers usually occur in the stomach duodenal ulcers are much less common. 

Northeastern University School of Pharmacy Tufts-New England Medical Center Boston, Massachusetts Chapter 15 Peptic Ulcer Disease... 

Concurrent colonization by Gram-negative bacilli occurs in some patients with failure of the gastric acid barrier, suggesting additional deficiencies of host defense abnormal oral flora, malnutrition, general illness, or diseases or medication interfering with intestinal peristalsis and clearance. This type of microflora is also seen in 10-30% of patients on acid inhibitors, for which mucosal injury and functional changes related to peptic ulcer and reflux disease may be responsible. 

Finally be aware of the fact that diseases in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract are common in the elderly and can cause severe complications and even be fatal. Drugs that are often used in the elderly due to chronic diseases with inflammation and pain are often the cause of gastritis, peptic ulcers and hiatus hernia. The risks of medication side effects as a reason for the problem must be taken into account when treating elderly for peptic ulcers and stomach pain. 

The risks of medication side effects must be taken into account when treating elderly for peptic ulcers and stomach pain... 

Diagnosis peptic ulcer disease, hypertension Prescribed medication amoxicillin 1 g b.d. 

Improvements in medical treatments have been substantial, so much so that benefits of recently introduced medicines over existing ones are smaller than when these standard treatments were originally developed and compared with remedies that existed then. The mean difference in some clinical efficacy endpoints between treatments maybe less than 20%. This requires a large population sample in clinical trials in order to achieve sufficient power to detect a difference, if it really exists, with confidence. Most medical conditions (for instance, peptic ulcers) present rather infrequently at any single hospital centre and it would therefore be impossible for a single... 

Bismuth, discovered in 1753, has a long history of medical uses ranging from treatment of syphilis and malaria to diarrhea. More recently, antibacterial properties of bismuth-containing antacids have been used to treat peptic ulcers. In general the medical use of bismuth has declined with the advent of new drug therapies. 

The goals of medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease are to relieve symptoms, heal the ulcer and to prevent recurrence. For the first two the therapeutic tactics are aimed at reducing aggressive factors, in the first place gastric acid, and to promote or introduce defensive or cytoprotective factors. For... 

For prevention of peptic ulcer disease avoiding ulcerogenic medication such as NSAIDs, including aspirin, is probably the most important strategy. Reducing gastric acidity is also the main approach for the treatment of reflux esophagitis. 

SoU AH. Consensus conference. Medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease. Practice guidehnes. Practice Parameters Committee of the American College of Gastroenterology. JAMA 1996 275(8) 622-9. 

Medications that raise intragastric pH are used to treat peptic ulcer disease and gastroesophageal reflux disease. In addition, agents that enhance mucosal cytoprotection are used to decrease ulcer risk. 

I Contraindications Active peptic ulcer disease, seizure disorder (unless receiving appropriate anticonvulsant medication), history of hypersensitivity to xanthines... 

Anorexia and nausea and vomiting may occur when a dopamine agonist is introduced and can be minimized by taking the medication with meals. Constipation, dyspepsia, and symptoms of reflux esophagitis may also occur. Bleeding from peptic ulceration has been reported. 

Circunstantial evidence directly implicating dopamine in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer in man is the unusual incidence of peptic ulcer disease in dopamine-deficient disorders. From purely descriptive clinical and epidemiologic studies we know that patients with Parkinson s disease, before the introduction of dopamine therapy, had an excess of ulcer disease (72). One report even comments on the curiosity that after initiation of L-DOPA administration the ulcer symptoms have virtually disappeared (72 ). On the other hand, less clearly, schizophrenia which is associated with dopamine excess and/or receptor hyperactivity is accompanied by virtual lack, or decreased prevalence, of peptic ulcer (73-76). Schizophrenia associated with ulcer disease has been viewed as a reportable curiosity in medical literature (75). At present, possibly because of the widespread therapeutic application of neuroleptics, the lack of peptic ulcer disease in schizophrenics is less striking than in the past. On the other hand, we recently observed in our autopsy series perforated duodenal ulcers in two schizophrenic patients who had been on large doses of haloperidol therapy (Szabo, unpublished observation). Thus, even in man, dopamine may indeed be implicated in the pathogenesis of duodenal ulcer disease. 

Cimetidine closely resembled metiamide but did not exhibit the granulocytopenia side effect. It was marketed as Tagamet at the end of 1976, as the pioneer drug which revolutionized the medical treatment of peptic ulcer disease [4]. Indeed, in many countries it became the best-selling prescription medicine and was the first of the block-busler products (billion dollar annual sales). 

The discovery and development of cimetidine and ranitidine provided a revolution in the medical treatment and management of peptic ulcer disease. Subsequently, many pharmaceutical companies became involved in research programs to discover additional compounds as H2-receptor histamine antagonists. As a result, a very wide range of chemical structures now exists for this class of drug (for a review, see Cooper et al. [19]). Many of these compounds have been investigated in human studies, but only the above-mentioned five drugs - cimetidine, ranitidine, nizatidine, famotidine, and roxatidine - are marketed as medicines. 

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