Penicillin calcium salt

Whereas the carboxylic acid is shown for many of these compounds, the majority of the commercial penicillins are sodium salts. Penicillin G is available as the calcium salt [973-53-5] C gH N20 S d/s Ca, and as the potassium salt [113-98-4] C2gH2yN20 S K. 

Drugs that may affect beta blockers include aluminum salts, barbiturates, calcium salts, cholestyramine, cimetidine, colestipol, diphenhydramine, hydroxychloroquine, NSAIDs, penicillins (ampicillin), rifampin, salicylates, SSRIs, sulfinpyrazole, calcium blockers, oral contraceptives, flecainide, haloperidol, hydralazine, loop diuretics,... 

Figure 9.16 The correlation of blood penicillin concentrations at 0.5 h in fasting subjects following the oral administration of three different penicillin V salts (potassium penicillin V, calcium penicillin V and penicillin V) with the in v/trorates of dissolution. Line YvsX is a plot of average plasma penicillin concentration at 0.5 h versus penicillin V in solution after 10 min at pH 2.0. Line Y vs X is average (AUC) versus penicillin V in solution after 10 min at pH 2.0. Line Y vs X is average (ADC) versus penicillin V in solution after 10 min at pH 8.0. In each case, the points from left to right refer to penicillin V, calcium penicillin V and potassium penicillin V. (Juncher ef o/., 1957).

The principal penicillins of present importance are benzylpenicillin sodium or potassium salt (penicillin G) procaine benzylpenicillin benzathine penicillin benethamine penicillin phenoxymethylpenicillin, potassium or calcium salt (penicillin V) methicillin sodium phenethicillin sodium penicillamine hydrochloride. 

Incompatibilities Do not mix IV minocycline before or during administration with any solutions containing the following Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), aminophylline, amobarbital sodium, amphotericin B, bicarbonate infusion mixtures, calcium gluconate or chloride, carbenicillin, cephalothin sodium, cefazolin sodium, chloramphenicol succinate, colistin sulfate, heparin sodium, hydrocortisone sodium succinate, iodine sodium, methicillin sodium, novobiocin, penicillin, pentobarbital, phenytoin sodium, polymyxin, prochlorperazine, sodium ascorbate, sulfadiazine, sulfisoxazole, thiopental sodium, vitamin K (sodium bisulfate or sodium salt), whole blood. 

The rates of absorption, clearance, and elimination of penicillin G are influenced by its formulation. Penicillin G is available in a number of different salts either with inorganic ions including sodium, potassium, or calcium or with organic cations including procaine and benzathine. These salts have differing solubilities and hence differing durations of action. 

Clinically important, potentially hazardous interactions with acitretin, aluminum salts, amoxicillin, ampicillin, antacids, bacampicillin, bismuth, calcium, carbenicillin, cloxacillin, digoxin, iron salts, isotretinoin, magnesium salts, methotrexate, methoxyflurane, mezlocillin, nafcillin, oxacillin, penicillins, piperacillin, ticarcillin, vitamin A, zinc, zinc salts... 

The first penicillin to be used was an amorphous material consisting largely of the calcium, potassium or sodium salt of benzylpenicillin but containing also varying small amounts of the salts of similar antimicrobial acids. This material is no longer encountered, having been entirely replaced... 

Total penicillins in this substance and in its calcium or potassium salts may be determined by a slight modification of the iodimetric method already described, while phenoxymethylpenicillin is determined spectro-photometrically. This may be done by dissolving in dilute sodium bicarbonate solution (water in the case of the salts) and measuring the extinction value at 268 m/ (as in the B.P.) or by dissolving in methanol and measuring at 276 mju (as in the U.S.P.), Recommended methods are as follows ... 

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