Patent Concordance

A weekly collection of abstracted information that has been indexed according to subject keyword, numerical patent, patent concordance, and author. Magnetic tapes available from producer for sale to customers for searching searches also available from institutions that have purchased these tapes for use in their search services (Table 9)... 

Vhile the majority of Maillard technology patents deal vith the production of meat-like flavors (1), it is appropriate to comment on the significance of "reaction flavor" patents. During the past 30 years, several hundred patents have been granted vorldvide for processes and reaction products based on non-enzymatic brovning technology. Less than 100 of these are included in Chemical Abstracts, since subsequent patents are listed in patent concordance. 

For the patent literature, an abstract is published in CA for the first patent received. Subsequent patents covering the same invention are not abstracted but entered into the Patent Concordance organised alphabetically by country (or group of countries) of issue. The abstraction of all new and existing chemical substances reported in complete patent specifications has been a particularly useful feature of Chemical Abstracts since its inception. Further details of the patent literature and patent abstracts are given in Section 1.4. 

In 1981, the Numerical Patent Index and Patent Concordance were merged into the Patent Index. 

Each patent number is followed by either a CA abstract number and a complete history of all equivalent documents, or a cross-reference to the patent number of the first abstracted patent in the patent family. This feature of the index, detailing a patent family, is the CA Patent Concordance. 

Separate Numerical Patent Indexes with CA abstract numbers were published for the periods 1907 to 1936 (CA Volumes 1-30) (by the Special Libraries Association) and 1937 to 1946 (CA Volumes 31-40) and 1947 to 1956 (CA Volumes 41-50) (by the American Chemical Society), respectively. Numerical Patent Indexes became part of CA Collective Indexes from the sixth Cl onward (1957 to 1961). The CA Patent Concordance was started in 1963, and merged with the Numerical Patent Index in 1981 to form the Patent Index. 

Patent specifications relating to the formulation of catalysts for steam reforming published since 1974 are listed in Table 6. The catalyst composition is indicated and (in parentheses) the name of the assignee company or individual. In each case the numbered specification is the earliest version published later specifications, e.g. British and U.S., if published, can be identified in the Chemical Abstracts Patent Concordance. 

To find information about chemical patents reference must be made to the patent indexes of the abstract journals, especially Chemical Abstracts and Chemisches Zentralblatt. The new patent concordance in CA should be noted. The Chemical Abstracts Service has also published Chemical Patents in a similar format to Chemical Titles. It consists of an alphabetical list of keywords with the corresponding patent number. Reference to this in the... 

Issues a weekly collection of abstracted information which has been indexed according to subject keyword, numerical patent, patent concordance, and author... 

The Patent Index is arranged in an alphabetic list of the ISO codes of the countries in which the patents were issued. Within the listing for each country the patent numbers are arranged in numerical order. The principle of the Patent Index, which was introduced in 1981 to replace the Numerical Patent Index and the Patent Concordance, is to document the complete history of the patent family relating to each patent. The recently added members of the patent family are printed in bold face. A special situation occurs with US patents after submission of the patent application it is possible in the USA to request additional claims. These additional claims receive their own patent number but can keep the priority date of the origin patent, the origin patent can be canceled but does not have to be. The degree of interrelationship is indicated by the addition of phrases like related, non-priority or continuation-in-part. 

In order to illustrate the Numerical Patent Index and the Patent Concordance, which were both issued until 1981, the patent CH 609,340 will be searched in the volume index to Chemical Abstracts, Vol. 91. The Numerical Patent Index was edited from 1937, the Patent Concordance from 1962 (Sect. 2.1.4). These indexes are almost the only information source to give access to old patent documents because most patent databases only cover back to the 1960s and the contents of the CA database only go back to 1967. 

In the Numerical Patent Index under Swiss the patent number 609,340 is not mentioned (Fig. 52). The Numerical Patent Index only includes patents which were abstracted in that particular volume of Chemical Abstracts (or in the appropriate collective period). Patents belonging to a patent family are listed in the Patent Concordance. Therefore, if a patent number is not found in the Numerical Patent Index, the Patent Concordance must be consulted. 

The Patent Concordance, which is arranged according to the alphabetical order of the countries, shows the Swiss patent without a CA abstract number, but with a reference to an equivalent German patent (Fig. 53). 

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