Particle size millers

Miller RJ, Smith CR, DeMaster DJ, Pomes WL (2000) Feeding selectivity and rapid particle processing by deep-sea megafaunal deposit feeders A " Th tracer approach. J Mar Res 58 653-573 Moore RM, Hunter KA (1985) Thorium adsorption in the ocean - reversibility and distribution amongst particle sizes. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 49 2253-2257 Moore RM, Millward GE (1988) The kinetics of reversible Th reactions with marine particles. Geochim Cosmochim Acta 52 113-118... 

A. Gupta, G.E. Peck, R.W. Miller and K.R. Morris, Nondestructive measurements of the compact strength and the particle-size distribution after milling of roller compacted powders by near-infrared spectroscopy, J. Pharm. Sci., 93(4), 1047-1053 (2004). 

Richardson Miller 1960 0 Biggar Riggs 1974 (0.01 p particle size). X Biggar Riggs 1974 (0.05 p particle size) A Biggar Riggs 1974 (5.0 p particle size) + Weil etal. 1974 O... 

Richardson Miller 1960 O Biggar Riggs 1974 (0.01 j particle size)... 

This approximation is sufficient for broad lines and particle diameters <5 nm. The particle size is determined in the direction normal to the lattice plane indicated by the Miller index of the line used for profile determination. The formula featuring a constant accounting for the fact that the breadth is measured in radians (as is 20) is only valid for spherical particles. 

The technique has been evaluated by Langhorst et. al. [44,45] and reviewed by Miller and Lines [46]. HDC suffers from poor resolution and particle size discrimination. In principle, more accurate particle size determinations are possible but require special software with correction for the extensive band dispersion [47,48]. It has also been shown that the molecular weight and concentration of non-ionic surfactants adsorbed on latex particles have a significant effect on their separation factor [49]. 

Linak WP, Miller CA (2000) Comparison of particle size distributions and elemental partitioning from the combustion of pulverized coal and residual fuel oil. J Air Waste Manage Assoc 50 1532-1544 Litter Ml, Villegas M, Blesa MA (1994) Photodissolution of iron-oxides in malonic-acid. Can J Chem 72 2037-2043... 

In the middle phase microemulsion, the particle size is in the order of nanometers (Miller et al., 1977). 

This method is also referred to as the miscible-displacement or continuous-flow method. In this method a thin disk of dispersed solid phase is deposited on a porous membrane and placed in a holder. A pump is used to maintain a constant flow velocity of solution through the thin disk and a fraction collector is used to collect effluent aliquots. A diagram of the basic experimental setup is shown in Fig. 2-6. A thin disk is used in an attempt to minimize diffusion resistances in the solid phase. Disk thickness, disk hydraulic conductivity, and membrane permeability determine the range of flow velocities that are achievable. Dispersion of the solid phase is necessary so that the transit time for a solute molecule is the same at all points in the disk. However, the presence of varying particle sizes and hence pore sizes may produce nonuniform solute transit times (Skopp and McCallister, 1986). This is more likely to occur with whole soils than with clay-sized particles of soil constituents. Typically, 1- or 2-g samples are used in kinetic studies on soils with the thin disk method, but disk thicknesses have not been measured. In their study of the kinetics of phosphate and silicate retention by goethite, Miller et al. (1989) estimated the thickness of the goethite disk to be 80 /xm. 

A number of commercial impactors are built around this principle, the early ones being single stage, which have been superseded by multistage impactors, with both single and multiple jets. These are shown in Figure 10.4 for the Andersen-Graseby, Astra-Copley MSLI and the less common Marple-Miller. All of these impactors will provide a particle size distribution. 

General References Allen, Particle Size Measurement, Chapman and Hall, 4th ed. 1990. Barth and Sun, Particle Size Analysis Review, Anal. Chem., 57, 151R, 1985. Miller and Lines, Critical Reviews in Analytical Chemistry, 20(2), 75—116, 1988. Herdan, Small Particle Statistics, Butterworths, London. Orr and DalleValle, Fine Particle Measurement, Macmillan, New York, 2d ed., 1960. Kaye, Direct Characterization of Fine Particles, Wiley, New York, 1981. Van de Hulst, Light Scattering by Small Particles, Wiley, New York, 1957. 

For single crystal surfaces, a reaction is deemed insensitive if its rate is about the same on all low Miller index planes, but since these differ from small metal particles in not having atoms of very low co-ordination number, the term face sensitivity should be used in this case. Two further approaches to the general problem have been tried (1) systematic variation of particle in supported metal catalysts, and (2) alteration of the composition of the surface of bimetallic catalysts, either supported or unsupported (Section 5.7). These lead respectively to particle size sensitivity and ensemble size sensitivity, but the three types are not necessarily exactly the same. 

Vel Velasco, J. I., Morhain, C., Maspoch, M. L., Santana, O. O. Effect of particle size on the fracture behaviour of aluminium hydroxide filled polypropylene. In Brown, M.W., de los Rios, E. R., Miller, K. J. (eds.) Proc. ECF 12 Fracture from Defects. Engineering Materials Advisory Services, Sheffield (1998) 1381-1386. 

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