Paraffins flash points

The aniline clo d point is a measure of the paraffinicity of a fuel oil. A high value denotes a highly paraffinic oil while a low value indicates an aromatic, a naphthenic, or a highly cracked oil. The flash point represents the temperature to which a liquid fuel can be heated before a flash appears on its surface upon exposure to a test flame under specified conditions. A knowledge of the flash point is needed to ensure safe handling and storage without fire hazards. 

Oil Bath.—Suitable oils may be used such as higher boiling paraffins, melted paraffin wax, glycerine, etc. The oil should not be heated to its flash point, and the surface of oil exposed should be as small as possible. 

Flash Point.—With the Abel apparatus as for paraffin oil (Vol. 

Kerosene (kerosine, paraffin oil approximately boiling range 205 to 260°C, flash point approximately 25°C) is a flammable pale-yellow or colorless oily liquid with a characteristic odor. The term kerosene is also too often incorrectly applied to various fuel oils, but a fuel oil is actually any liquid or liquid petroleum product that produces heat when burned in a suitable container or that produces power when burned in an engine. 

Phenol (hydroxybenzene freezing point 40.9°C, boiling point 181.8°C, density 1.0722 flash point 79°C) at room temperature is a white, crystalline mass. Phenol gradually turns pink if it contains impurities or is exposed to heat or light. It has a distinctive sweet, tarry odor, and burning taste. Phenol has limited solubility in water between 0 and 65°C. Above 65.3°C, phenol and water are miscible in all proportions. Phenol is very soluble in alcohol, benzene, chloroform, ether, and partially disassociated organics in general, but it is less soluble in paraffinic hydrocarbons. 

These oils are characterized structurally by a large number of paraffinic side chains (55% min. Cp), and thus are highly saturated. They excel in initial color. Compared to naphthenic and aromatic oils they are most resistant to oxidation and color degradation by ultraviolet light. Their resistance to oxidation increases as their molecular weight increases. SONPAR oils are de-waxed to low pour points, and their volatility is quite low compared to the naphthenics and aromatics, as indicated by their higher flash points. 

Cloud-point—temperature where solid paraffin waxes settle out Pour-point—lowest temperature where oil is fluid Flash-point—temperature where vapors will flash ignite Burning- point—temperature where oil will burn with a steady flame... 

LIQUID PARAFFIN or LIQUID PARRAFIN NO. 70 or LIQUID PETROLATUM (8012-95-1 8042-47-5) Combustible liquid (flash point 3 80 F/193 C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions. LIQUID ROSIN (8002-26-4) Combustible... 

OIL, PARAFFIN (8002-74-2) Combustible liquid (flash point 390-444°F/198-229°C Fire Rating 1). Reacts with strong oxidizers, with a risk of fire or explosions. On small fires, use dry chemical powder (such as Purple-K-Powder), alcohol-resistant foam, or COj extinguishers. 

PARAFFIN JELLY (8012-95-1) Combustible liquid (flash point 380°F/193°C). Contact with strong oxidizers, nitric acid may cause fire and explosions. 

Flash Point. The flash-point temperature is a measure of the explosive potential of vapor mixtures in air. For paraffins, aromatics, and cycloparaffins, it has been correlated as a function of the normal boiling point (Butler et al., 1956 Lyman et al., 1981) ... 

Analysis Elemental C, S, H, O, N (typically 79-88% C 7-13% H up to 8% S 2-8% O up to 3% N). Trace metals Fe, Ni, V, Ca, Ti, Mg, Na, Co, Cu, Sn, Zn. Molecular mass typically M, = 500-2500. Acid number typically 0.1-2.8mg KOH per g. Distillation range ASTM D3279. Composition bitumen insoluble in paraffin naphtha (AASFITO T46 or ASTM D3279) bitumen soluble in carbon disulfide (ASTM D4). Purity solubility, ash, water content (ASTM D95). Softening point ASTM D36. Flash point ASTM D92. 

Table 15.4 lists the three /i-paraffinic solvents sold by Exxon under the tradename of Norpar. The Norpar solvents have relatively narrow boiling-point ranges, rather high flash points, low surface tensions, and have been assigned OELs of 300 ppm. 

A mixture of microcrystalline and paraffin waxes made up as a paste in hydrocarbon solvent has been recommended (Plenderleith and Werner, 1971) to replace beeswax polish on objects such as furniture and metals 100 g CosmoUoid 80H (microcrystalline wax) and 25 g Wax A (a PE wax BASF), melted together and poured into 300ml of a high-flash-point hydrocarbon solvent, stirred constantly until cool (Renaissance Wax). 

Flash point is higher for the oils of paraffin base than those of naphthenic base. This test is therefore a rough guide as to the base of an oil. 

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