Ovarian tumor protein

A class of DUBs only identified since 2002 is the OTU (ovarian tumor protein) DUB class. The OTU domain was originally identified in an ovarian tumor protein from Drosophila mdanogaster, and over 100 proteins from organisms ranging from bacteria to humans are annotated as having an OTU domain. The members of this protein superfamily were annotated as cysteine proteases, but no specific function had been demonstrated for any of these proteins. The first hint of a role for OTU proteins in the ubiquitin pathway was afforded by the observation that an OTU-domain-containing protein, HSPC263, reacted with ubiquitin vinyl sulfone (an active-site-directed irreversible inhibitor of DUBs) [41]. 

Tashiro, Y, Yonezawa, S., Kim, Y. S., and Soto, E. 1994. Immunohistochemical study of mucin carbohydrates and core proteins in human ovarian tumors. Hum. Pathol. 25 364-312. 

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), northern and western blotting, and immunoassays have been used for detection of kallerin mRNA and protein in tissue extracts of ovarian, breast, testicular, and prostate tumors. Immunohistochemical techniques have been used for the detection of KLK7 in ovarian tumors and KLKIO in ovarian and testicular tumors. The serum levels of KLK3 (PSA) and KLKll are evaluated by immunoassay. 

Hancock MC, Langton BC, Chan T, et al. A monoclonal antibody against the c-erbB-2 protein enhances the cytotoxicity of cis-diaminedi-chloroplatinum against human breast and ovarian tumor cell lines. Cancer Res 1991, 51, 4575-4580. 

Wilms tumor protein-1 (WT-1) Nephroblastoma, mesothelioma, metanephric adenoma, ovarian serous carcinoma AML, desmoplastic small round cell tumor, endometrial stromal sarcoma, uterine leiomyosarcoma, granulosa cell tumor, thecoma, rhabdoid tumor Kidney, mesothelial cells, granulosa cells, Sertoli cells, fallopian tube endometrial stroma, spleen... 

Mullerian Inhibiting Substance (MIS) was the substance of interest. MIS is a glycoslylated protein that normally fosters regression of the ducts in the human embryo. MIS has also been found to promote the regression of ovarian tumor cells hence, some researchers view MIS as a potentially useful chemotherapeutic. However, purifying MIS and then targeting dehvery to a particular location within the body are not easy tasks. 

As described in several monographs [4], bryostatin 1 exhibits significant in vitro and in vivo antineoplastic activity against a range of tumor cell lines including murine leukemia, B-cell lymphoma, reticulum cell sarcoma, ovarian carcinoma, and melanoma. It is also effective in the modulation of apoptotic function [5], the reversal of multidrug resistance [6], and stimulation of the immune system [7]. These unique features displayed by bryostatin 1 are attributed to its high affinity for protein kinase C (PKC) isozymes and its ability to selectively modulate their functions [8]. PKCs are a type of intracellular serine and threonine kinase that... 

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