Organic compounds triazines

In non-saline sediments aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters carboxylic acids, uronic acid aldoses chloroaliphatics haloaromatics chlorophenols chloroanisoles polychlorobiphenyls polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins poychlorodibenzofurans various organosulphur compounds, chlorinated insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides mixtures of organic compounds triazine herbicides arsenic and organic compounds of mercury and tin. 

However, the decomposition of organic compounds does not always lead to nontoxic solutions. Mineralization of melamine (2,4,6-triamino-l,3,5-triazine) and other chemicals was accomplished on Ti02 Degussa P-25. The formation of cyanuric acid prevents the complete mineralization of melamine as observed for atrazine and other. v-tria/incs on Ti02 photocatalysts, and the toxicity of the photocatalyzed solutions was higher than initially found for melamine [199],... 

Aliphatic hydrocarbons, triazine, substituted urea type and phenoxyacetic acid types of herbicides, Fluazifop and Fluazifop-butyl herbicides, ethylene diamine tetracetic acid salts in soil, aliphatic and polyaromatic hydrocarbons, phthalate esters, various organosulphur compounds, triazine herbicides, optical whiteners, mixtures of organic compounds and organotin compounds in non-saline sediments, aromatic hydrocarbons, humic and fulvic acids and mixtures of organic compounds in saline sediments and non-ionic surfactants and cobalamin in sludges. 

This technique has been used for the determination of polychlorobiphenyls, polychlorodibenzo-p-dioxins, polychlorodibenzofurans, alkyl phosphates, chlorinated insecticides, organophosphorus insecticides, triazine herbicides. Dacthal insecticide, insecticide/herbicide mixtures, mixtures of organic compounds and organotin compounds in soils, and polyaromatic compounds, polychlorobiphenyls, chlorinated insecticides and organotin compounds in non-saline sediments and anionic surfactants in sludges. 

This technique has been used to determine the following types of organic compounds in soil polychlorobiphenyls, chlorinated insecticides, triazine herbicides, paraquat and diquat. 

Another growing technique is super-critical fluid chromatography. Recent references to soil analysis include the following applications aliphatic hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, polychlorobiphenyls, dioxins, alkyl and aryl phosphates, chloro, organophosphorus, triazine, substituted urea, phenoxy acetic acid, Dacthal herbicides and insecticides and mixtures of herbicides and pesticides and mixtures of organic compounds. 

Gas chromatography has been applied to the determination of a wide range of organic compounds in trade effluents including the following types of compounds which are reviewed in Table 15.15 aromatic hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids aldehydes, non ionic surfactants (alkyl ethoxylated type) phenols monosaccharides chlorinated aliphatics and haloforms polychlorobiphenyls chlorlignosulphonates aliphatic and aromatic amines benzidine chloroanilines chloronitroanilines nitrocompounds nitrosamines dimethylformamide diethanolamine nitriloacetic acid pyridine pyridazinones substituted pyrrolidones alkyl hydantoins alkyl sulphides dialkyl suphides dithiocaibamate insecticides triazine herbicides and miscellaneous organic compounds. 

Method S69. Method for triazine pesticide in water and waste water. Methods for benzidine, chlorinated organic compounds, pentachlorophenol and pesticides in water and waste water (Interim, Pending Issuance of Methods for Organic Analysis of Water and Wastes), US Environmental Protection Agency, Environmental Monitoring and Support Laboratory (EMSL) September (1978). 

More than 130 different organic chemicals are currently employed as herbicides in the U.S. All of the main families of organic compounds are represented aromatic, aliphatic, and heterocyclic. Herbicidal activity is found in a variety of classes of compounds haloaliphatic, phenoxy, and benzoic acids carbamates dinitroanilines acetanilides amino triazines quaternary pyridinium salts uracils and ureas. A few selected key examples are reviewed below. 

Polcaro et al. (2003, 2005) verified that during the oxidation of organic compounds, such as phenol, diuron, 3,4-dichloroaniline, and triazines, the crucial point to obtain high Faradic yields is the rate of mass transfer of the reactant toward the electrode surface (Fig. 2.11). Thus, they developed an impinging cell that enabled them to obtain high mass-transfer coefficients (e.g., 10-4 m s-1). With this cell, at a current density of 150Am-2, they achieved a Faradic yield of 100%, up to the almost complete disappearance of the organic load. 

In, this mini book we have focused our attention to the application of micro-wave irradiation in synthesis of various important heterocyclic organic compounds viz. pyrazoles, imidazoles, oxazoles, thiazoles, oxadiazoles, oxazolines, triazoles, triazines, benzimidazoles, benzoxazoles and benzthiazoles. The selected heterocyclic moieties are synthetically important due to their interesting pharmacological properties (anti-HIV, anti-parasitic, anti-histaminic, anti-cancer, anti-malarial etc.). 

Apart from organic compounds such as the vicinal triazines, which do not concern us here, this group contains only hydrazoic acid and the azides. 

A different way to produce chemical microarrays in situ is spot synthesis of combinatorial libraries on cellulose sheets [56]. Spot synthesis is configured as an open system to be operated at room temperature. Despite attempts to replace cellulose with polypropylene as a synthesis support [57], cellulose is still the support of choice for spot synthesis, and reaction conditions have to be compatible with the restricted chemical stability of cellulose. Due to the acid labihty of such membranes, the diversity content of these arrays was initially restricted to the synthesis of peptides. Recently, a method was described that could widen the scope of spot synthesis arrays. Germeroth and coworkers [57] succeeded in the assembly of a library of 8000 cellulose-bound 1,3,5-triazines under mild reaction conditions. They employed a strategy that took advantage of a temperature-dependent, successive displacement of cyanuric chlorides by different nucleophiles in a first report of the synthesis of smaU organic compounds on ceUulose sheets. 

Perchloro organic compounds are also amenable to study, although very few have been reported. One example is 2,4,6-trichloro-1,3,5-triazine [7], whose spectrum is shown in Fig. 11.4. 

In contrast to these chemicals, the newer organic compounds that have come into use within the past two decades are higher cost materials, but they are also much more toxic. Examples are dalapon, which competes with panto-ate and inhibits enzymatic synthesis of pantothenic acid (D,L-N-[2,4—dihydroxy-3,3—dimethylbutyryl]-P-alanine), and the substituted ureas, s-triazines... 

TRICHLORO-s-TRIAZINETRIONE or TRICHLORO-s-TRIAZINE-2,4,6(lEr,3, 5H)-TRIONE or 1,3,5-TRICHLORO-l,2,5-TRIAZINE-2,4,6(m,3, 5fO-TRIONE or 1,3,5-TRICHLORO-s-TRIAZINE-2,4,6(m,3, 5fl)-TRIONE (87-90-1) or TRICHLORO-5-TRIAZINETRIONE (87-90-1) C3CI3N3O3 Reacts with water releasing toxic chlorine gas. A powerful oxidizer accelerates the burning of combustible materials. Violent reaction with reducing agents, including hydrides, nitrides, and sulfides ammonium compounds combustible materials organic compounds powdered aluminum and other metals hydrated salts. Reacts with acrolein, antimony trisulfide, antimony tritelluride, arsenic pentasulfide, 1,1 -dichloro-1 -... 

The carbonization of pure organic compounds such as carbazole, phenazine, acridine (for formulas, see Figure 7.2) has also been studied under 7.5 Mbar argon pressure [23], Volatile compounds such as benzene, pyridine, pyrazine, quinoline, and phenazine have been calcined at 1073 K in sealed quartz glass tubes [24], Bent carbon nanotubes and coils with a nitrogen content of about 1% were formed when pyridine, 5-methylpyrimidine, or i-triazine (see Figure 7.2) were decomposed on small catalytic cobalt particles at 1123 or 1373 K [25], Carbon nanotubes with about 2% N were produced in excellent yield and free of other carbon materials by pyrolysis of pyridine vapor at 1373 K in an argon stream with admixed iron pentacarbonyl, [Fe(CO)s] [26], In another study, pyrrole vapor has been catalytically decomposed on nickel sheets at 1073 K [27],... 

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