Online Databases Database

The Beilstein Online Database - Implementation, Content and Retrieval, S.R. Heller (Ed.), American Chemical Sodety, Washington, DC, 1990. 

More than 10 000 databases exist that provide a small or large amount of data on various topics (including chemistry). The contents in databases are supplied by approximately 3500 database developers (e.g., the Chemical Abstracts Service, MDL Information Systems, etc.). Since there is a variety of topics from economics to science, as well as a variety of structures of the database, only some of the vendors (-2000) offer one or more databases as either local or as online databases (Figure 5-4) [4]. Usually, databases are provided by hosts that permit direct access to more than one database. The search occurs primarily through different individual soft-... 

Directory of Online Databases, Cuadra Associates, 2001 Wilshire Blvd.. Suite 305, Santa Monica, CA 90403... 

Development - Concepts and Primripl s, Reading, MA, Addison-Wesley, 1998. p2] A. Barth, "Online databases in... 

Size of the database industry can be measured in terms of the number of database records, databases, database entries in CRDB, database producers, database vendors, or online searches. Growth in number of database entries, databases, producers, and vendors is plotted in Figure 1. The slowest growth is at the vendor level, the fastest growth is in database files. 

Fig. 2. Growth in number of online database searches on principal U.S. vendors of word-oriented databases.

CleanGredients is an online database of cleaning product ingredients A one-stop-shop for green formulation . The database contains physical chemical data, MSDSs, technical datasheets, and environmental and human health hazard data on raw materials used to formulate cleaning products. 

Because of the heightened interest in bioremediation of TBA, additional information was obtained about several of these sites. These data, provided in the online database, show that several sites were able to reduce the concentration of TBA, sometimes to less than its site-specific cleanup level. For example, at several sites in Texas, including Turtle Bayou Easement Area and Rural Area Disposal Area, in situ bioremediation was used in conjunction with other technologies such as SVE, and in situ thermal desorption. At these sites, the concentrations of TBA were reduced to less than its cleanup goal, with concentrations after treatment ranging from 100 to 1000 pg/L. At the Naval Base Ventura County, Port Hueneme, California, in situ bioremediation was used in a biobarrier configuration, and the concentration of TBA was reduced from >1000 to <5 pg/L. 

There were a number of practical and theoretical issues to be addressed. A key scientific question was whether fixation in formalin modified antigens in a reversible or irreversible manner. To be more specific, was there any theoretical or prior scientific evidence that the effects of formalin fixation on proteins could be reversed, and if reversed, was the structure of protein restored to a sufficient degree for recovery of antigenicity With these key questions in mind, one of the authors (Shi) spent many days and nights in 1988 searching the chemical literature under somewhat adverse conditions, with a second job as an apprentice in a supermarket, and prior to the increased efficiency of such searches that is afforded today by the Internet and online databases. The answer was finally found in a series of studies of the chemical... 

CAZy, Carbohydrate-active enzymes, (2006) online database http //www.cazy. org 21.10.2006. 

LMES (Lockheed Martin Energy Systems, Inc.). 1998. Material Safety Reference Sheet, Online database, retrieved 2/3/98. 

UNPD (United Nations Population Division) (2006). World Population Prospects. The 2006 Revision. Population Database. Online database. Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division, http //esa.un.org/unpp. 

UNSD (United Nations Statistics Division) (2007). Statistical Databases (Common Databases). Online database, http //unstats.un.org/unsd/databases.htm. 

WRI (World Resources Institute) (2007). Climate Analysis Indicators Tool (CAIT). Online Database version 4.0. Washington D.C. WRI. http //cait.wri.org. 

Originally ASTRA was developed on the base of existing models that have been converted into a dynamic formulation feasible for implementation in system dynamics and allowing for closure of the feedbacks between the models. Among these models have been the macroeconomic model, ESCOT (Schade et al., 2002) and the classical four-stage transport model, SCENES (ME P, 2000). The ASTRA model then runs scenarios for the period 1990 until 2030 using the first 12 years for calibration of the model. Data for calibration stem from various sources, with the bulk of data coming from the EUROSTAT (2005) and the OECD online databases (OECD, 2005). A detailed description of ASTRA is provided by Schade (2005). 

MEDLINE An online database of MEDLARS, the computerized bibliographic Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System of the National Library of Medicine. [NIH]... 

PDQ Physician Data Query. PDQ is an online database developed and maintained by the National Cancer Institute. Designed to make the most current, credible, and accurate cancer information available to health professionals and the public, PDQ contains peer-reviewed summaries on cancer treatment, screening, prevention, genetics, and supportive care a registry of cancer clinical trials from around the world and directories of physicians, professionals who provide genetics services, and organizations that provide cancer care. Most of this information is available on the CancerNet Web site, and more specific information about PDQ can be found at http //cancemet.nd.nih.gov/pdq.html. [NIH]... 

As with chemical synthesis, the first step when prospecting for a particular biotransformation is to perform a literature search to check whether a suitable precedent has been described. Extensive technical literature resources in the public domain provide both examples of specific enzyme-catalysed reactions and descriptions of transformations where enzyme activity is inferred if not explicitly described. Currently, searches of online databases such as PubMed reveal over 2000 new publications per annum in the subject of enzyme catalysis (excluding reviews). 

The success of SYNLMA shows that it is possible to base an expert system on a theorem prover. The advantage of using a theorem prover as deductive component is that it allows us to experiment with a number of different representations for chemical information. The same flexibility makes it easy to add new starting materials and reaction rules from large commercial online databases. 

A comprehensive Manual for Investigation of HPV Chemicals is available (OECD 2004). The Manual describes procedures, including the use of electronic discussion groups and the online HPV database data gathering and testing SIDS, the SIDS plan, and the SIDS Dossier data evaluation initial assessment of data (guidance for assessing the hazards of chemical substances to man and the environment) preparation of the SIAR and SIAP and post-SIDS work. 

There are too many companies to list in this document. An online searchable database called The Non-testers List maintains a current list of companies that drug test and companies that do not. 

Other educational materials Shonnard highlighted were a book and Web site. His book Green Engineering Environmentally Conscious Design of Chemical Processes, which was developed in collaboration with David Allen, contains an aggregate of green engineering Web resources, software tools, and online databases. The Web site Shonnard de-... 

Each category is further divided into books, articles, and Web documents. Note that many print articles are also available online, either through specific Web addresses or via online periodical databases. 

Cannone JJ, Subramanian S, Schnare MN, Collett JR, D Sotrza LM, Du Y, Feng B, Lin N, Madabusi LV, Muller KM, Pande N, Shang Z, Yu N, Gutell RR (2002) The comparative RNA web (CRW) site an online database of comparative sequence and structme information for ribosomal, intron, and other RNAs. BMC Bioinformatics 3 2... 

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