Oncogenes activation

Anna CH, Maronpot RR, Pereira MA, et al. 1994. Ras proto-oncogene activation in dichloroacetic acid-, trichloroethylene-and tetrachloroethylene-induced liver tumors in B6C3F, mice. Carcinogenesis 15 2255-2261. 

ANDERSON M w, YOU M and REYNOLDS s H (1991) Proto-oncogene activation in rodent and human tumors , ADVExp Med Biol, 283, 235-43. 

ANDERSON M w, REYNOLDS s H, YOU M and MARONPOT R M (1992) Role of proto-oncogene activation in carcinogenesis . Environ Health Perspect, 98, 13-24. 

Svoboda V, Kotaskova Z. 1983. Radiosensitivity and proliferative activity of vertebral CFU-S surviving in mice injected with oncogenic activities of 239Pu or 241Am. J Hyg Epidemiol Microbiol Immunol 27(3) 329-335. 

Oppi, C. S., Shore, K., and Reddy, P. (1987). Nucleotide sequence of testis-derived c-abl cDNAs implications for testis-specific transcription and abl oncogene activation. Proc. Nad. Acad. Sci. USA 84 8200-8204. 

Wood, T. G., McGeady, M. L., Baroudy, B. M., Blair, D. G., and Vande Woude, G. F. (1984). Mouse c-mos oncogene activation is prevented by upstream sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USAS/ 7817-7821. 

Lahr G, Sticha M, Schtitzea K, et al. Diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma is facilitated by using an RT-PCR approach on laser-microdissected archival material to detect RET oncogene activation. Pathobiology 2000 68 218-226. 

Looked at another way, the four major carcinogenic mechanisms are DNA damage, cell toxicity, cell proliferation and oncogene activation. Any effective program to identify those drags which have the potential to cause or increase the incidence of neoplasia in humans must effectively screen for these mechanisms (Kitchin, 1999). 

PoiAKis, P. The oncogenic activation of beta-catenin. Curr Opin Genet Dev 1999, 9, 15-21. 

Taken together, the various observations suggest that FBXLIO has context-dependent pro- and anti-oncogenic activities. In line with this, FBXLIO expression was reported to be significantly decreased in human glioblastomas relative to normal brain tissue [54], while FBXLIO was found to be overexpressed in lymphomas and mammary adenocarcinomas [56]. 

Carcinogenesis There has been evidence of oncogenic activity in studies with oxytetracycline (adrenal and pituitary tumors) in rats and minocycline (thyroid tumors) in rats and dogs. 

A. Oncogene activation by overexpression, mutation, or chromosomal rearrangement can lead to rapid proliferation of cells and cancer. 

Comparison of the biochemical properties of mutated Ras proteins with the wild type Ras protein shows that increased lifetime of the GTP form correlates with oncogenic activity. 

Ser and Thr residues that serve as regulatory phosphorylation sites. Mutations are also described for these regions leading to oncogenic activation of Raf kinase. The protein kinase activity is found in the CR3 domain. 

A frequent cause of activation of proto-oncogenes is a change in the structure of the coded protein, affecting the regulation and function. Via the oncogenic activation, there is no creation of completely new functions, but rather the normal function of a proto-oncogene product is modified and/or released from cellular regulation. 

Oncogenic activation of small regulatory GTPases has been documented many times for the example of the Ras proteins (see 9.2.3). 

Oncogenic activation of transcription factors due to chromosome translocation is often observed in leukemias. Tlie aberrant activation by translocation of genes encoding transcription factors occurs mainly by two mechanisms (Look, 1997) ... 

Slebos RJ, Kibbelaar RE, Dalesio O et al. K-ras oncogene activation as a prognostic marker in adenocarcinoma of the lung. N EnglJ Med 1990 323 561-565. 

This study reports that retrovirus vector insertion into a proto-oncogene activates proto-oncogene expression, which may trigger malignancy. 

Hochwalt, A.E., Solomon, J.J. Garte, S.J. (1988) Mechanism of H-ra oncogene activation in mouse squamous carcinoma induced by an alkylating agent. Cancer Res., 48, 556-558... 

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