Oil of neroli

This acid, CgHj. CH COOH, is a sweet-smelling substance, especially recommended for sweetening soap perfumes. It occurs in neroli oil, and has a sweet honey-like odour. It is formed by converting toluene into benzyl chloride which is converted into benzyl cyanide, which is digested with dilute sulphuric acid, and so converted into phenyl-acetic acid. It is a crystalline body, melting at 76° to 76 5° and Iwiling at 266°. It has been isolated from oil of neroli. 

Linalool is a major component in essential oils such as those of coriander, palmarosa, mace, petitigrain, Lippia alba and sweet orange flowers. (3i )(—)-Linalool is a main component in the oils of Ocimum species, including sweet basil, and in the oils of neroli, linaloe, bergamot, lavender and others. Linalool enantiomers in... 

Non-cyclic sesquiterpenes include the volatiles a- and (3-farnesene (which have alarm pheromone activity) and pleasant odorants from Citrus sinsensis (orange) (Rutaceae), namely a- and [i-sinensal (mandarin peel odour) and nerolidol from orange flower oil (oil of neroli). The epoxide JH III is produced by Cyperus iria (Cyperaceae) and acts critically on insect development. 

The structure of nerolidol, C]5H260, a terpene found in oil of neroli, was established by the following synthesis ... 

Oil Of Orange Flowers. Oil of neroli. Volatile oil distilled from fresh orange flowers. Constit. Limonene, /-linalool, geranioi, 7-18% linaly] acetate some methyl an-thranilate, nerol and neroli camphor. 

C10H13O. B.p. 225-226"C. A terpenic alcohol and a constituent of neroli, petit-grain and bergamot, and of many other essential oils. Nerol has a blander smell than its isomer, geraniol, and is more valuable as a constituent of perfumes. 

D. Jukelka, A. Steil, K. Witt and A. Mosandl, Chiral compounds of essential oils. XX. Cliirality evaluation and authenticity profiles of neroli and petitgrain oils , ]. Essential Oil Res. 8 487-497 (1996). 

Methyl Anthranilate.—This ester is one of extreme importance, and to it is largely due the possibility of manufacturing artificial neroli oils. It was discovered as a constituent of neroli oil in 1895 by Walbaum, and has since been identified in numerous other flower oils, such as tuberose, ylang-ylang, jasmin, and gardenia. Its value in synthetic perfumery is therefore obvious. Its constitution is that of a methyl ester or orthp-amido-benzoic acid, of the formula here shown —... 

Jasmone, CjjHjgO, is a ketone found in essential oil of jasmin, and also in neroli oil. It is a dark-coloured liquid with a powerful jasmin odour, and having the following characters —... 

Benzyl cyanide, C Hj. CH.,CN, or phenyl-aceto-nitrile, is a constituent of cress oil, and probably of neroli oil. It is a strong smelling liquid boiling at 231 5°, and having a specific gravity 1 0146 at 18°. On boiling with alcoholic potash it yields phenyl-acetic acid, which can be identified by its melting-point, 77°, and by the analysis of its silver salt. 

Indol, CgH N, is the mother substance of the indigo group of compounds. It exists in various essential oils including neroli oil and oil of jasmin flowers. It is a crystalline compound, melting at 52° and boiling at 253° to 254°. Its odour is powerful and disagreeable, being distinctly faecal in character. Its constitution is as follows —... 

Linalyl acetate is the principal constituent of the essential oils of bergamot, clary sage, lavender and lavandin. It is also present in the essential oils of Salvia officinalis, petitgrain, sassafras, neroli, lemon, lime, a few Mentha species and others. 

Terpinen-4-ol occurs in the essential oils of lavender, hyssop, pine. Origanum, nutmeg, thyme, marjoram, tarragon, cubeb, neroli, rosemary, juniper berry and passion fruit and raspberry flavor as a mixture of... 

After separation of neroli oil, the aqueous layer of the steam distillate, known as orange blossom water, is extracted with suitable solvents (e.g., petroleum ether). Evaporation gives orange flower water absolute (absolue de Teau de fleurs d oranger), which is a dark brown-red liquid. It contains less terpene hydrocarbons and correspondingly more polar compounds than neroli oil. 

Methyl anthranilate 172 (Structure 4.51) is found in the oils of sweet orange, lemon, mandarin, bergamot, neroli and ylang-ylang oils and jasmine and tuberose absolutes. Methyl N-methyl anthranilate 173 is the main constituent of mandarin petit grain oil, and occurs also in bitter orange, mandarin and rue oils. 

The aroma exists in every part of plants, hut not in all portions of the same plant. Sometimes it is obteined from the root or wood, then from, the bark, and again from the flowers, leaves, fruit, or seeds. Some few plants yield odor in all their parts. The orange gives three distinctive odors—off of neroli from tire flowers essence of Portugal from the rind of the fruit and oil otpetit-grain from the leaves and thus it appears that the oil may also differ with the port of the plant whence It is obtained. 

To determine them quantitatively, the essential oil is oxidised completely with fuming nitric add, as in the estimation of petroleum in oil of turpentine (see Chapter IX, this volume). Some ethereal oils, such as rose, chamomile and neroli oils, contain naturally solid hydrocarbons (paraffin wax). 

Perspiration often also has a pungent component. A similar odor is found as a component of neroli oil and, to a less extent, of oil of petitgrain. Both oils are common ingredients of citrus colognes, the former today in the form of synthetic replacements. These same oils, for similar reasons, are also effective in masking the characteristic odor of lanolin. 

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