O-Cresylic acid

Synonyms AI3-00137 BRN 0506917 CCRIS 646 2-Cresol o-Cresol o-Cresylic acid EINECS 202-423-8 FEMA No. 3480 l-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene 2-Hydroxytoluene o-Hydroxytoluene 2-Methylhydroxybenzene o-Methylhydroxybenzene o-Methylphenol o-Methylphenylol NSC 23076 Orthocresol o-Oxytoluene RCRA waste number U052 2-Toluol o-Toluol UN 2076. 

Trade names o-cresylic acid No data p-cresylic acid m-cresylic acid cresylic acid CAS 1989 HSDB 1989... 

SYNS 2-CRESOL o-CRESYLIC ACID 1-HYDROXY-2-METHYLBENZENE o-HYDROXYTOLUENE o-KRESOL (GERMAN) o-METHYLPHENOL 2-METHYLPHENOL ORTHOCRESOL o-OXYTOLUENE ORCRA WASTE NUMBER U052 o-TOLUOL... 

Synonym 2-hydroxy toluene, 2-methylphenol, o-cresylic acid, t -hydroxy toluene, 2-cresol, 1,2-cresol... 

Synonyms o-cresylic acid 2-hydroxytoluene 2-methylphenol ortho-cresol. 

H.2) Phenol, 2-methyl-, 2-methylphenol, o-cresol, 1-hydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 2-hydroxytoluene, o-cresylic acid 95-48-7 FEMA 3480... 

SYNONYMS 2-cresol, o-cresylic acid, l-hydroxy-2-methylbenzene, o-hydroxytoluene, o-methylphenol, o-toluol. 

Synonyms/Trade Names ortho-Cresol, 2-Cresol, o-Cresylic acid, 1-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene, 2-Hydroxytoluene, 2-Methyl phenol ... 

CAS 95-48-7 EINECS/ELINCS 202-423-8 UN 2076 (DOT) FEMA 3480 Synonyms 2-Cresol o-Cresylic acid 1-Hydroxy-2-methylbenzene o-Hydroxytoluene 2-Methylphenol... 

The cresols occur in cresylic acid, a mixture of the three cresols together with some xylenols and neutral oils, obtained from coal tar distillates. Only the /n-cresol has the three reactive positions necessary to give cross-linked resins and so this is normally the desired material. The o-isomer is easily removed by distillation but separation of the close-boiling m- and p-isomers is difficult and so mixtures of these two isomers are used in practice. 

Synonyms AI3-00520 BRN 1892885 CCRIS 6421 o-Cresyl phosphate EINECS 201-103-5 Fyrquel 150 NSC 438 Phosflex 179-C Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester Phosphoric acid, tri-2-tolyl ester Phosphoric acid, tri-o-cresyl ester o-TCP TCP TOCP TOFK o Tolyl phosphate TOTP Tricresyl phosphate Triorthocresyl phosphate Tri-2-methylphenyl phosphate Tris(o-cresyl)phosphate Tris(o-methylphenyl)phosphate Tris(o-tolyl)phosphate Tri-2-tolyl phosphate Tri-o-tolyl phosphate. 

Phosphoric acid, tributyl ester, see Tributyl phosphate Phosphoric acid, tri-o-cresyl ester, see Tri-o-cresyl... 

Phosphoric acid, triphenyl ester, see Triphenyl phosphate Phosphoric acid, tris(2-methylphenyl) ester, see Tri-o-cresyl phosphate... 

Synonyms Cresylic acid tricresol methyl-phenol o-cresol m-crtsoV, p-cresol hydroxytoluene... 

Three types of closely related cresols exist ortho-cresol (o-cresol), meta- cresol (m-cresol), and para-cresol (p-cresol). Pure cresols are colorless chemicals, but they may be found in brown mixtures such as creosote and cresylic acids (e.g., wood preservatives). Because these three types of cresols are manufactured separately and as mixtures, they can be found both separately and together. Cresols can be either solid or liquid, depending on how pure they are pure cresols are solid, while mixtures tend to be liquid. Cresols have a medicinal smell (odor) and when dissolved in water, they give it a medicinal smell and taste. Cresols do not evaporate quickly from water, but in rivers and lakes, they can be removed quickly by bacteria. Dissolved cresols can pass through soil into underground water sources. This may be a problem at hazardous waste sites where cresols are buried. Once cresols are in the water table, they may stay there for months without changing. Cresols in air quickly change and break down into smaller chemicals, some of which irritate the eyes. Cresols can also irritate the eyes. 

There are three isomers of cresol o-cresol, p-cresol, and m-cresol. These are described in detail in Chapter 3. In the following discussion, the effects of o-cresol and p-cresol, which have similar toxicities, are generally described prior to those of m-cresol, which is somewhat less toxic. Occasionally, data were available regarding the effects of cresol mixtures (containing the three isomers in varying proportions) and cresylic acids (technical mixtures containing other substances in addition to the three cresol isomers). These are generally discussed after the individual isomers. 

Since before World War II, multimillion pound quantities of cresols have been produced annually in the United States (O Brochta 1949), and domestic production and sales of cresols have steadily increased in recent years. Approximately 57.3 (USITC 1986), 73.3 (USITC 1988), and 82.3 (USITC 1989) million pounds of cresols were produced annually in the United States in 1986, 1987, and 1988, respectively. Respective sales were 56.6 (USITC 1986), 66.8 (USITC 1988), and 72.1 (USITC 1989) million pounds. These production totals include data on the manufacture of cresylic acid and exclude information on cresol production by coke and gas-retort ovens. The commercial mixture of cresol isomers, in which the m-isomer predominates and contains less than 5% phenol, is sometimes referred to as cresylic acid (Windholz et al. 1983). However, cresylic acids generally are composed of cresols, phenols, and xylenols they are defined as those mixtures in which over 50% will boil at temperatures above 204 C (Sax and Lewis 1987). In 1987, the national capacity for producing cresylics was 208 million pounds per year (CMR 1987). Information regarding the production levels of individual isomers and specific mixtures was unavailable. 

The alcoholysis of sulfites such as dimethyl sulfite offers a convenient method for the preparation of high-boiling dialkyl sulfites [33]. Earlier, Voos and Blanke [8a] reported that dimethyl sulfite is converted to diethyl sulfite in 44 % yield. The reaction was shown to be acid-catalyzed and failed when barium carbonate was present. However, a patent refers to the use of lithium hydride in the transalcoholysis of 2,2-(4,4 -dihydroxyphenyl)propane with diphenyl sulfite or di-o-cresyl sulfite [32]. Recently Mehrotra and Mathur [34] reported that the alcoholysis reaction proceeds in the absence of catalysts. Their results are summarized in Eqs. (21)—(23) and Table VII. Tertiary butanol did not... 

Cresol, Cresylic Acid or Methylphenol (called Kresol or Oxytoluol in Ger), CH3.CgH4.OH mw 108.13, 0 14.79% A coml coal tar product of the middle heavy oil fractions. It contains a mixt of o-, m- p- isomers which may be separated by fractional distillation into two fractions o- and a mixt of m- p-cresols. The props of cresol depend upon the compn proportion of isomers in the mixt. See Kirk Othmer (Ref 5) for more details o Cresol, wh crysts, phenol-like odor, poisonous, mp 30.8°, bp 191°, d 1.048 at 20° sol in ale, eth chlf si sol in w (Refs 1 7). Prepn other props are given in Beil (Ref 1)... 

Helferich10 10 and co-workers prepared phenyl /J-D-fructopyranoside, m. p. 173°, [ ]D —210° in water and o-cresyl /J-D-fructopyranoside, m. p. 167-170°, [o]D —233° in water, by the deacetylation of the products obtained by heating /3-D-fructopyranose pentaacetate with phenol and o-cresol, respectively, in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid. 

AAU250 CAS 18461-55-7 HR 3 ACETIC ACID-4,6-DINITRO-o-CRESYL ESTER... 

SYNS o-CRESYL PHOSPHATE PHOSFLEX 179-C PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-o-CRESYL ESTER PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRIS(2-METHYLPHENYL) ESTER TOCP TOFK o-TOLYL PHOSPH.ATE TOTP TRICRESAT. PHOSPHATE TRI-o-CRESYL PHOSPHATE... 

PHOSPHORIC ACID, LEAD(2+) SALT (2 3) see LDUOOO PHOSPHORIC ACID, TRI-o-CRESYL ESTER see TM0600... 

C14H2802 tetradecanoic acid 544-63-8 7.265 32787 C21H2104P tri-o-cresyl phosphate 78-30-8 6.760... 

The structures of the lignins are amenable to conversion to several classes of substituted phenols by thermochemical and thermal degradation methods. The displacement of pyroligneous tars by coal tars eliminated much of the demand that existed for the lignin-based products. Creosote oil or cresylic acid, a mixture of o-, m-, and p-cresols, is now manufactured mainly from coal tars, while only small amounts of cresols are made from wood tars. The use of wood tars and other biomass-derived tars as substitutes for a major portion of the phenol and formaldehyde in phenol-formaldehyde resins could reverse this trend (Himmelblau, 1995). The key to this process seems to be that the... 

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