Nutrient preparation

The effect of complex commercial fermentation activators on biogenic amine production was tested by Marques et al. (2008). On the whole, it does not seem that complex nutrient preparations produced for the use with fermentation starter cultures pose a serious threat to biogenic amine production in wines. 

Hansenula polymorpha and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were cultivated on synthetic medium with 1% glucose in fed-batch and continuous mode, respectively, in the absence of antifoam agents. For the nutrient preparation, sterilization and storage, 300-, 600-, 1000- and 5000-1 stirred tank vessels were used. The nutrient salt medium was steriUzed without glucose. The glucose solution was autoclaved separately and was added to the cold, sterilized nutrient medium. The flotation column was operated in continuous mode. 

Biomedical Uses. The molybdate ion is added to total parenteral nutrition protocols and appears to alleviate toxicity of some of the amino acid components in these preparations (see Mineral NUTRIENTS) (97). Molybdenum supplements have been shown to reduce iiitrosarnine-induced mammary carcinomas in rats (50). A number of studies have shown that certain heteropolymolybdates (98) and organometaUic molybdenum compounds (99) have antiviral, including anti-AIDS, and antitumor activity (see Antiviral agents Chemotherapeutics, anticancer). 

In many cases, the quality of a stream or another water source can be adequately improved by removing more BOD or suspended solids. In other iastances, the effluent is prepared for groundwater recharge which may require only the removal of nutrient. A classification of wastewater treatment processes is given ia Table 3. Table 4 summarizes water quality criteria for various iadustrial uses (10). 

For many of the trace nutrients, it will be difficult to find literature references to the concentrations required. It is only recently that it has been realized that these trace nutrients are required, because they were only present as contaminants in biological preparations. Indeed, many other substances may be required nutrients but at such low levels that their requirement is not easily manifest. 

Nahr-lbsung, /. nutrient (or nutritive) solution, -medium, n. nutrient medium, -mittel, n. food nutriment, nutrient. -plasma, /. (Biol.) trophoplasm, -praparat, n, food preparation. -saft, m. nutrient juice chyle sap. -salz, n. nutrient salt (salt required for proper nutrition), -stoff, m. nutri ve substance, nutrient nutritive material, foodstuff, food, nfihrstoffarm, a. poor in food material. Nahrstoffgehalt, m. nutrient content, food content. 

Methylprednisone 21-acetate (0.5 g), when hydrolyzed by means of aqueous alcoholic potassium bicarbonate yields 16 fnethylprednisone. An alternative method of the preparation of the compound of this example is as follows. Bacillus sphaericus var. fusifermis (A.T.C.C. 7055) is incubated on a nutrient agar (composed of Bacto-beef extract, 3 g Bacto-peptone,... 

Sterile agar slants are prepared using the Streptomyces sporulation medium of Hickey and Tresner, J. Bact., vol. 64, pages 891-892 (1952). Four of these slants are inoculated with lyophilized spores of Streptomyces antibioticus NRRL 3238, incubated at 28°C for 7 days or until aerial spore growth is well-advanced, and then stored at 5°C. The spores from the four slants are suspended in 40 ml of 0.1% sterile sodium heptadecyl sulfate solution. A nutrient medium having the following composition is then prepared 2.0% glucose monohydrate 1.0% soybean meal, solvent extracted, 44% protein 0.5% animal peptone (Wilson s protopeptone 159) 0.2% ammonium chloride 0.5% sodium chloride 0.25% calcium carbonate and water to make 100%. 

The fungus isolated from the wastewater was used as a seed culture. The media for seed culture as a starter of each experimental run was prepared by using 1.0 g of glucose and 1.0 g of peptone in 100 ml of distilled water. The nutrients and minerals were obtained from Merck. The media was sterilised in an autoclave at 121 °C, 15 psig steam pressure for 20 minutes. 

The first official test was published by the Food, Drug and Insecticide Administration of the US Department of Agriculture, in which portions of the preparation were placed on the surface of nutrient agar inoculated with Staph, aureus. After incubation the zones of inhibition, if ary, around the preparation were measmed. This test was modified later by incorporating 10% of horse serum in the agar to simulate conditions in a woimd and a control consisting of unmedicated base was also used in each experiment. This test is known as the cup-plate test (see also section 3.6.3 and Fig. 11.5). 

Biological indicators (Bis) for use in thermal, chemical or radiation sterilization processes consist of standardized bacterial spore preparations which are usually in the form either of suspensions in water or culture medium or of spores dried on paper, aluminium or plastic carriers. As with chentical indicators, they are usually placed in dummy packs located at strategic sites in the sterilizer. Alternatively, for gaseous sterihzation these may also be placed within a tubular hehx (Line-Pickerill) device. After the sterilization process, the aqueous suspensions or spores on carriers are aseptically transferred to an appropriate nutrient medium which is then incubated and periodically examined for signs of growth. Spores of Bacillus stearothermophilus in sealed ampoules of cultrrre medium are used for steam sterilization morritoring, and these may be incubated directly at 55°C this eliminates the need for an aseptic transfer. 

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