Nuclear magnetic resonance industrial applications

See alsa Gas Chromatography Oven/iew Pyrolysis. Infrared Spectroscopy Overview Industrial Applications. Lipids Fatty Acids. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy-Applicable Elements Hydrogen Isotopes Carbon-13. Polymers Synthetic. 

One has seen that the number of individual components in a hydrocarbon cut increases rapidly with its boiling point. It is thereby out of the question to resolve such a cut to its individual components instead of the analysis by family given by mass spectrometry, one may prefer a distribution by type of carbon. This can be done by infrared absorption spectrometry which also has other applications in the petroleum industry. Another distribution is possible which describes a cut in tei ns of a set of structural patterns using nuclear magnetic resonance of hydrogen (or carbon) this can thus describe the average molecule in the fraction under study. 

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (nmr). The nmr analysis has been used in the polymer industry for some time to measure properties such as amount and type of branching, polymerized ethylene oxide content, and hydroxyl content. The same techniques are applicable to waxes, and are used for both characterization and quality control. 

The modern electronic industry has played a very important role in the development of instrumentation based on physical-analytical methods As a result, a rapid boom in the fields of infrared, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), Raman, and mass spectroscopy and vapor-phase (or gas-liquid) chromatography has been observed. Instruments for these methods have become indispensable tools in the analytical treatment of fluonnated mixtures, complexes, and compounds The detailed applications of the instrumentation are covered later in this chapter. 

Dare-Edwards, M.P., Kempsell, S.P., Barnes, J.R., Craven, C.J. and Wayne, ED. (1988) Nuclear magnetic resonance of lubricant-related systems. 6th International Colloquium, Industrial lubricants - Properties, Application, Disposal, Vol. II, Bartz, W.J. (ed.) Tech-nische Akademie EssUngen, Ostfieldern, 12.3-1-12.3-15. 

On-line moisture monitors, which are based on infra-red absorption, nuclear magnetic resonance, capacitance and microwave attenuation are used in numerous process industries. The applicability of these techniques to the coal preparation industry has been reviewed (13,14). The CONAC and "Elemental Analyzer" units use a microwave attenuation method for the moisture measurement. This information is used to correct the PNAA hydrogen assay data in order to calculate the hydrogen content of the coal. Kay-Ray, Inc., (Arlington Heights, Illinois) has developed an instrument that measures the moisture content of a coke stream and uses a combination of microwave and gamma ray attenuation measurements. 

Abstract. Economical CO separation is a voy hnportant process, not only for the production isotopic labels fiw nuclear magnetic resonance chemical analysis and medical diagnosis, but also to provide a means of removing and fixing radioactive carbon (cartion-14) in the nuclear power industry. is normally sefnaaled from C/ CO or from C/ Y CH4 Iv cryogenic processes. As the separation factor is small, the cost of separation is very hi so that the application of Y is limited to use in the laboratory as a chemical reagem. It is not viable to use it for industrial purposes. A marked difference was observed between the adsorption equilibrium coefficients of CO and Y O on a low-SKVAI Os-ratio Na-X type zeolite (Na-LSX) at low temperatures, so this phenomenon could be used to separate CO from YX). 

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is at present one of the most widely applied physical techniques in biology, and its potential applications increase day by day, as more sophisticated instrumentation becomes available and deeper theoretical knowledge is obtained. The phenomenon of NMR was discovered simultaneously by Purcell and his associates at Harvard University and by Bloch and co-workers at Stanford University, for which they were jointly awarded the Nobel prize in physics in 1952. In the lipid field there are two main types of NMR spectroscopy that are of interest broad-line experiments, concerned mainly with the spectra obtained from samples in the solid state, or from oriented phases, and narrow-line, or high-resolution, experiments carried out with samples in the liquid, solution or gas phases. Both types of NMR spectroscopy are extremely useful in the study of the lipids. In addition, Fourier transform (FT) NMR has helped increase the sensitivity of the technique and the so-called pulse method of recording spectra has literally widened the prospect of NMR applications in the field of lipid research and industry. The application of NMR to solid fats is still in its infancy (Pines et aL, 1973 Schaefer and Stejskal, 1979 BocieketaL, 1985). 

See alsa Distillation. Elemental Speciation Waters, Sediments, and Soils. Fuels Gaseous. Gas Chromatography Petrochemical Applications. Infrared Spectroscopy Near-Infrared Industrial Applications. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Overview. Sulfur. Supercritical Fluid Chromatography Applications. X-Ray Fluorescence and Emission Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence. 

See also Infrared Spectroscopy Overview Sample Presentation Industrial Applications. Liquid Chromatography Size-Exclusion. Microscopy Overview Microscopy Techniques Light Microscopy Scanning Electron Microscopy. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Overview. Textiles Natural. 

In industry, most lipid analysts are familiar with wide-line nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). In Chapter 4 Diehl describes the application of Fourier transform NMR spectroscopy and illustrates that the technique can be used in lipid chemistry both qualitatively and quantitatively. By means of... 

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