Nitrogen-containing lipids

Technically important Fatty Acid Derivatives. Nitrogen-containing lipids such as primary, secondary and tertiary amines, quaternary ammonium bases, amides and nitriles, all of which find many varied applications in the plastic and textile industries, can be separated into classes on silica gel G by using ammonia-containing solvents (see Table 68) [19, 121, 162]. The first four solvents in Table 68 have been used in succession in the stepwise development technique (see p. 87) for analysing complex mixtures [121]. 

Concentration-dependent effects of propranolol or phentolamine on phosphatidylinositol, glycerides, and nitrogen-containing lipids... 

Ideally samples from living organisms should be extracted without any delay to prevent autoxidative or enzymic deterioration of their lipid constituents. If this is not feasable the sample should be frozen immediately and stored at — 20 °C in a glass container under nitrogen. Often lipids will be extracted into an organic solvent and during this and subsequent steps in the analytical procedure minimal exposure of the lipids to air, light and heat is very important to prevent oxidation or destruction of the lipids. 

These reactions, if of sufficient magnitude, would result in the formation of non-radical, nitrogen-containing species, thereby stopping the propagation cycle of lipid peroxidation. 

Rubbo, H., Radi, R., Trujillo, M., TeUeri, R., Kalyanaraman, B., Bames, S., Kirk, M., and Freeman, B. A., 1994, Nitric oxide regulation of superoxide and peroxynitrite-dependent lipid peroxidation. Formation of novel nitrogen-containing oxidized hpid derivatives, J. Biol. Chem. 269 26066-26075. 

To prepare proteoliposomes, 7 mg egg yolk phosphatidylcholine, 1.16 pg cholesterol, 77.5 pg cholesteryl oleate and 10 pCi [3H]-cholesteryl oleate, all dissolved in chloroform are mixed. After evaporation of chloroform with nitrogen, the lipids are resolved in 400 pi ethanol. The ethanolic solution is injected into 5 ml of a vortex-ing buffer with 39mmol/l sodium phosphate, 0.01% EDTA, 2 mmol/1 NaN3, and 12 mmol/1 sodium cholate (pH 7.4) 3 mg apoA-I is added. The solution is subsequently dialyzed against a buffer with 39 mmol/1 sodium phosphate, 0.01 % EDTA, 2 mmol/1 NaN3, and 12 mmol/1 sodium cholate (pH 7.4) at 4°C. At the end the solution is filled up with analysis buffer containing 39 mmol/1 sodium phosphate,... 

Biochemically, the pantothenate coenzymes are integral in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and nitrogen-containing compounds (185,186). They participate in the TCA or Krebs cycle, as well as fatty acid, phospholipid, sterol (cholesterol), and heme synthesis. The coenzymes mediate the exchange of 2-carbon (acetyl) and other acyl groups. They can serve as... 

Chapters 12-16, 17-23 Organization of carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, and the metabolism of nitrogen-containing compounds, respectively, into self-contained units. 

This text is divided into seven parts part l, An Overview of Biochemical Structures and Reactions That Occur in Living Systems part 2, Protein Structure and Function part 3, Catalysis part 4, Metabolism of Carbohydrates part 5, Metabolism of Lipids part 6, Metabolism of Nitrogen-Containing Compounds and part 7, Storage and Utilization of Genetic Information. 

Esters of phosphoric acid that contain fatty acid(s), an alcohol, and a nitrogen-containing base. See also Lipid. 

Vortex and centrifuge at 4°C for 10 min. The lower phase containing lipid A is collected, and dried under a stream of nitrogen. To remove residual silica chips and other possible contaminants, the purified sample can be passed through a DEAE-cellulose column. 

In order to increase the affinity further, the A-terminus was decorated with alkylaryl- or lipid-chain moieties to establish more interactions with the LBS, which accommodates the GGPP (15-17). In addition, nitrogen-containing heterocycles or amines were introduced to increase the chance... 

Unlike most carbohydrate and lipid, protein contains nitrogen required for incorporation into a wide range of compounds (Table 22-4). Although the synthesis of proteins fixes nitrogen into those proteins, they are synthesized in direct response to specific needs. Dietary protein nitrogen is used for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds in response to specific hormones suchas insulin. 

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