Nitrogen-containing species

C19-0114. Balance the redox reactions between Cr2 O7 and each of the following nitrogen-containing species. 

Sklarew DS, Hayes DJ. 1984. Trace nitrogen-containing species in the offgas from 2 oil shale retorting processes. Environ Sci Technol 18 600-603. 

These reactions, if of sufficient magnitude, would result in the formation of non-radical, nitrogen-containing species, thereby stopping the propagation cycle of lipid peroxidation. 

Crude oil is composed primarily of hydrocarbon compounds. Organic and inorganic sulfur-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-containing species are also found in crude oil. Additionally, water, vanadium, nickel, sodium, and other metals may be present. 

A significant portion of the sulfur- and nitrogen-containing species in crude oil can be found in heterocyclic form within the asphaltene, maltene, and resin compounds. Oxygen-containing heterocycles may also be present. Examples of high-molecular-weight aromatic, resinous, and polar compounds found in crude oil are provided in TABLE 3-1. 

Regarding the chemical nature of species in LB films, XPS has been used to identify mixed sulfide/polysulfides in nonstoichiometric sulfides of copper (9,19), elemental Se in CdAr films exposed to H2Se (75), and the nature of nitrogen-containing species in LB films made from ArH on subphases of amine-complexed metal ions of M2+ [M = Cu (9), Pt, Pd (74)1. The decomposition of PbS in StH acid films has also been investigated by XPS (68,70). Of two XPS studies of HgS formation in FA films (22,45), one was able to demonstrate that the p-HgS form (mefo-cinna-bar) was present. 

Photoelectron spectroscopy (ESCA) and thermal evolved gas analysis (EGA) have been applied to characterize sulfur- and nitrogen-containing species in atmospheric particulate matter. Particulate amines and amides previously identified only by ESCA have been detected by EGA, a bulk method, for the first time. EGA and ESCA results suggest the existence of a sulfate similar to ammonium sulfate but with some of the ammonium ions replaced by a charged organic nitrogen complex. 

The luminol detector is based on the sensitive chemiluminescent reaction between N02 and luminol in solution. The luminol in alkaline solution reacts with N02 to produce intensive CL centred on 425 nm. The detector cell itself is a 15 cm x 8 cm x 2 cm rectangular block, with inlets and outlets for the carrier gas and luminol flows. The reaction cell contains a fabric wick that is wetted with the luminol solution (1 x 10-4M luminol, 0.2MNa2SO3, 0.05M NaOH, 1.5 x 10 4 ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and 0.1% surfactant). The wick is viewed by a PMT through an acrylic window, which is transparent to the chemiluminescent light at 425 nm. When a N02 peak enters the cell, a fraction of the N02 dissolves in the solution on the surface of the wick, which then reacts with luminol to ultimately yield a strong CL. The results described indicate that this detector may be successfully used for the sensitive and selective detection of any nitrogen-containing species that may thermally decompose to yield N02, with a potential use for the detection of explosives (2,4-DNT and TNT). 

A two-site model was used as well by Shih et al. (102) for the HDN of quinoline. They assumed not only pseudo-first-order kinetics but also that all nitrogen-containing species, including ammonia, have the same adsorption equilibrium constant this is clearly not the case (77). 

An electrolytic process reduces the concentration of corrosive nitrates from a nuclear waste site more than 99%. The reduction of nitrate ions yields nitrite ions, which then are further reduced to produce the gaseous nitrogen-containing species N20, N2, or NH3, depending upon process conditions. The corresponding equations are ... 

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