Coins nickel

Nickel, Ni, is also used in alloys. It is a hard, silver-white metal used mainly for the production of stainless steel and for alloying with copper to produce cupronickels, the alloys used for nickel coins (which are about 25% Ni and 75% Cu). Nickel is also used in nicad batteries and as a catalyst, especially for the addition of hydrogen to organic compounds, as in the hydrogenation of vegetable oils (Section 18.6). 

CBL unit Tl graphing calculator link cable AC adapter temperature probe nickel coin... 

These meials occur in elementary form in nature and were probably I he first metafc. known. Gold ord silver are now considered too valuable id use in cons and have been replaced by lessexpereave mci.ils Alloys of copper (e. . the "nickel" coin is composed of 75% copper and 25% rockcl) we Mill widely used. 

Of course, one of the most common uses for nickel is coinmaking, specifically, the five-cent coin. The nickel coin is an alloy made of copper and nickel. Another important and common use for this metal is the nickel-cadmium battery, which contains a nickel-oxide electrode. This battery is rechargeable, making it ideal for calculators, computers, and other small electrical appliances. 

It is estimated that up to the end of 1912 some 900 million pure nickel coins had been issued in the old and new worlds, together with some 4500 million coins of nickel bronze. It is easy to distinguish between the two, since nickel coins are readily attracted by a magnet, whereas the alloys are not. 

Nickel sulfate is present on the surface of used coins, and nickel ions are rinsed off by contact for only 1 min with artificial sweat. Copper/nickel coins stored in artificial sweat for 7 days give high release of nickel ions (up to 45 pg/cm per week) (Consumer Safety Group 1997). Hands become contaminated by nickel when handling coins and can also become contaminated from handling contaminated non-nickel coins and bank notes (Bang Pedersen et al. 1974). 

Holness DL, Nethercott JR (1990) Epicutaneous testing results in hairdressers. Am J Contact Dermatitis 1 224-234 Husain SL (1977) Nickel coin dermatitis. BMJ 2 998 Kaaber K, Veien NK, Tjell JC (1978) Low nickel diet in the treatment of patients with chronic nickel dermatitis. Br J Dermatol 98 197-201... 

Some indispensable transition elements are iron (steel), copper (wiring), chromium (plumbing fixtures), gold and silver (jewelry and electronics), platinum (catalytic converters), titanium (bicycle and aircraft parts), nickel (coins and catalysts), and zinc (batteries), to mention a few of the better known ones. There are also the lesser known zirconium (nuclear-reactor liners), vanadium (axles and crankshafts), molybdenum (boiler plates), tantalum (organ-replacement parts), palladium (telephone-relay contacts)—the list goes on and on. As ions, quite a few of these elements also play vital roles in organisms. 

The emergence of modem electroanalytical sciences is tightly bound to the implication of specific conductive materials as electrode material. Lubert and Kalcher recently provided a history of electroanalytical methods in which the reader could find a wider view of the field. First electroanalytical determination of copper in copper-nickel coins was accomplished by electrogravimetric method on platinum electrodes in the nineteenth century. Later, polagraphy, rewarded by a Nobel Prize for J. Heyrovsky, was developed with dropping mercury electrode and important developments have been then conducted on both analytical methods and materials. 

Nickel, used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults, and is also a component in Nichrome(R), Permalloy(R), and constantan. 

Maraging steels are a class of high strength steels of very low carbon content. Strengthening is achieved by the use of substitutional elements to produce age hardening in the martensitic iron-nickel matrix. The term maraging was thus coined from the words martensite and age hardening . 

If a nickel weighs twice as much as a dime, there are equal numbers of coins in 1000 g of nickels and 500 g of dimes. 

The five-cent coin, ordinarily called the nickel, is actually 25% nickel (the other 75% is copper). 

Secondary batteries can be electrically charged, and these batteries can offer savings in costs and resources. Recently, lithium-ion and nickel-metal hydride batteries have been developed, and are used with the other secondary batteries, such as nickel-cadmium, lead-acid, and coin-type lithium secondary batteries. 

C06-0111. A coin dealer, offered a rare silver coin, suspected that it might be a counterfeit nickel copy. The dealer heated the coin, which weighed 15.5 g, to 100.0 °C in boiling water and then dropped the hot coin into 21.5 g of water at =15.5°C ina coffee-cup calorimeter. The temperature of the water rose to 21.5 °C. Was the coin made of silver or nickel ... 

Not only the American nickel, but also many other coins contain this element... 

A piggy bank contains 8.20 in coins. If there are an equal number of quarters, nickels, dimes, and pennies, how many of each denomination are there ... 

A jar of coins totaling 4.58 contains 13 quarters and 5 nickels. There are twice as many pennies as there are dimes. How many dimes are there ... 

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