Organ replacement

When a boron atom of a borane is replaced by a heteroelement, the compounds are called carbaboranes, phosphaboranes, thiaboranes, a2aboranes, etc, by an adaptation of organic replacement nomenclature. The numbering of the skeleton in heteroboranes is such that the heteroelement is given the lowest possible number consistent with the conventions of the parent borane. Thus C2B2H is dicarba- /(9j (9-pentaborane(5) and could occur as the 1,2-, 2,3-, or 1,5-isomeric forms (l,2-dicarba- /(9j (9-pentaborane(5) [23777-70-0] 2,3-dicarba- /(9j (9-pentaborane(5) [30396-61-3] and... 

Kidney For organ replacement due to end-stage organ diseases... 

Artificial organs that perform the physical and biochemical functions of the heart, hver, pancreas, or lung are one class of organ replacements. A rather different target of opportunity is the development of biologieal materials that play a more passive role in the body for example,... 

These principles of macromolecular organization replaced the naive vision of some of the early molecular biologists, who tried to reduce each complex structure and function of organisms directly to one (or a limited number of) proteins or other macromolecules. The best example of this simplistic reductionist approach was the efforts aiming in the sixties at discovering the molecules of memory - molecules that allegedly encoded the memories or behaviors. Many articles and books1 were devoted to this search, without any success. 

Invent biocompatible materials for organ replacements and for artificial bones and teeth. 

Chang TM. Artificial cells for cell and organ replacements. Artif Organs 2004 28 265. 

In the meanwhile, other organ replacements were investigated. In the case of liver supply, both artificial and bioartificial (using hepatic cells) approaches proposed in... 

Replacement, e.g., azacyclotridecane. Organic replacement names are formed by denoting heteroatoms that replace skeletal atoms of a hydrocarbon molecular skeleton by organic replacement prefixes (Table 3.4). In nomenclature, the prefixes are cited in the order they are given in the table. 

Organ replacement Heart-lung machine Artificial kidney (hemodialyzer) Artificial heart Silicone rubber Cellulose, polyacrylonitrile Polyurethane... 

Part I, Chapter 12). Other examples are commercially available desktop inkjet printers modified for biological purposes, and filled with cells and a biocompatible ink [56, 57]. Three-dimensional thin layers of alternately printed cells were deposited, which initially formed clumps and later fused into vascular structures [58]. Given that the formation of vascular structures in artificial organ replacements is a very challenging task (see also Part I, Chapter 15), these rapid prototyping approaches promise significant rewards in the tissue engineering field. 

Cell transplantation has been proposed as a strategy to achieve organ replacement or tissue repair for a variety of therapeutic needs, including diseases of the liver, pancreas, and other tissues. In cell transplantation, donor tissue is dissociated into individual cells or small groups of cells, which may then be attached to or encapsulated in a support matrix, and transplanted to the patient to restore lost tissue function. A number of approaches to cell transplantation have been explored. 

Advances in modern medical practice have increased the use of plastic materials for tissue or organ replacements as well as... 

One difficulty with the implantation of mechanical hearts, artificial valves, or blood vessels is that there may be regions of blood stagnation inside these artificial organs. Thrombi can form there, and have been known to cause life-threatening incidents in organ replacement patients. The difficulty is... 

M.J. Lysaght, J.A. O Loughlin, Demographic scope and economic magnitude of contemporary organ replacement therapies, ASAIO J. 46(2000)515-521. 

Colorants Heavy-metal restrictions promote organic replacements. Modem Plastics International, 22,9, pp. 52-53 (1992). 

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